AADL Talks To: Heritage Business Owners Charles Schlanderer Jr. and Charles Schlanderer Sr.

Thu, 10/20/2011 - 9:36am

Schlanderer & Sons, Jewelers and Silversmiths has occupied the same prime location on Main Street for over seven decades. It is one of the few local businesses that survived and thrived continuously in the hands of the same family through cycles of boom-and-bust. Recently we sat down with Charles Schlanderer, Sr. (Charlie) and Charles Schlanderer, Jr. (Chuck) – the third and fourth generation of store owners, for a conversation about history of the family business.

In 1933 C. Henry Schlanderer and his two sons Paul and Arthur opened the store in a historic building at 208 South Main. We learned why, at the height of the Depression, Henry chose to open a store for “luxury goods”; how each successive generation came into the business and the improvements they have made; their decision to stay “downtown” against the gradual exodus of others to the malls; and more importantly, their vision of the retail landscape in the near future.

The Schlanderers also reminisced with us about their most memorable sales over the years, the friendships formed; and loyalty of their clients. Apart from the discussion about the business, we talked about families; growing up in Ann Arbor, Hillsdale College and Michigan Hockey (Want to know why? Listen to the podcast).

Transcript

• [00:00:00.00] [MUSIC PLAYING]
• [00:00:01.49] ANDREW: Hi, this is Andrew.
• [00:00:03.27] AMY: And this is Amy. And in this episode, AADL talks to local family business owners Charles Schlanderer, Jr. and Charles Schlanderer, Sr.
• [00:00:14.05] ANDREW: Jackie and Debbie talked to the Schlanderers about starting a business during the height of the Great Depression, operating a business in a historic building, and why the biggest sales aren't necessarily the most memorable.
• [00:00:29.51] JACKIE SASAKI: Tell me, who started the business?
• [00:00:32.51] CHARLES SCHLANDERER SR.: My grandfather, and my dad, and my uncle.
• [00:00:35.84] JACKIE SASAKI: All right. And what year was that?
• [00:00:40.58] CHARLES SCHLANDERER SR.: '33. '32 to '33.
• [00:00:44.34] JACKIE SASAKI: And when did you get into the business? As a young man, where you expected to work in the store?
• [00:00:52.74] CHARLES SCHLANDERER SR.: Well, I did work in the store through high school. And then when I got out of college and out of the service, '57, I started to work then full time. But I had worked there summers, and I had worked there Saturdays, and stuff like that, all through from the time I was in high school.
• [00:01:10.53] JACKIE SASAKI: Chuck, how about you? Were you expected to work in the store?
• [00:01:14.76] CHARLES SCHLANDERER JR.: I was never forced to. I remember my dad bringing home boxes of inventory that we would mark as kids. Sit in the family room at home, and mark, and mark, and mark, and mark, and mark inventory for the Christmas or holiday season. So that's kind of where I started. And then doing odd jobs, engraving and things like that, and more behind the scenes.
• [00:01:39.39] And when I got out of college, graduated with a history and business degree, I had a decision whether I wanted to do that full time or what. I took a little time and decided, yeah, it's an opportunity that I really couldn't pass up, as far as that goes.
• [00:01:55.70] CHARLES SCHLANDERER SR.: He came to me and asked. We never put any pressure on him to be there. And he came to me one day, and said, I'd like to go into the jewelry business. So that was an easy decision for us.
• [00:02:05.29] CHARLES SCHLANDERER JR.: And at that point, it was you and my great uncle Arthur were partners in the store on Main Street.
• [00:02:12.78] JACKIE SASAKI: Very good. Now, is that the original location for the store?
• [00:02:17.40] CHARLES SCHLANDERER JR.: Under that name, yeah. Because originally, my dad and my uncle came into the business when my grandfather and Seyfried's had a split. And we came down the street and opened up the same day that they had a splitting of their ways.
• [00:02:36.08] CHARLES SCHLANDERER JR.: Prior to that, do you know when it-- prior to '33--
• [00:02:39.44] CHARLES SCHLANDERER SR.: '22. It was Schlanderer and Seyfried's I think, from 1922 to '33.
• [00:02:47.30] JACKIE SASAKI: Why did you pick the current building you're in?
• [00:02:51.46] CHARLES SCHLANDERER JR.: That wasn't something we picked. Neither one of us had anything to do--
• [00:02:54.57] CHARLES SCHLANDERER SR.: That was before me. I think that that was just a building that was available to rent, because we rented it for a long time before we bought it.
• [00:03:04.37] JACKIE SASAKI: Now it's a historic building. Do you have any challenges living and operating out of a historic building?
• [00:03:12.03] CHARLES SCHLANDERER SR.: Yeah. If you want to do something, you go through hoops to get it approved.
• [00:03:16.83] CHARLES SCHLANDERER JR.: We changed the windows on the front of the building, and for much less money we could have put in regular replacement windows.
• [00:03:27.18] CHARLES SCHLANDERER SR.: Much nicer ones.
• [00:03:28.09] CHARLES SCHLANDERER JR.: Yeah. It would have been much nicer. And we had to have windows--
• [00:03:32.65] CHARLES SCHLANDERER SR.: Custom made.
• [00:03:32.94] CHARLES SCHLANDERER JR.: Yeah, custom made that were historically correct, and five times as much and not nearly as nice as modern windows. So, yeah, there are some issues with that. But all and all, it's not bad thing.
• [00:03:47.96] And the Historical Society doesn't necessarily know what's historical. I know they wanted to redo Cafe Felix next door, and they had a business plan. Originally it had been Kiddie Land, and they had enameled metal storefront hiding what was there originally, and the historical society came in and said this is what it has to be, this is what it traditionally has been.
• [00:04:15.67] And when they pulled the metal siding off the front, the original drawings that they had almost matched exactly. And the Historical Society had said, you can't do those, it's not historically correct. But they didn't know what was under the metal siding until they pulled it off.
• [00:04:31.70] CHARLES SCHLANDERER SR.: Same way with Cunningham's. Cunningham's was a drugstore that was on the corner where the Greek restaurant is now. And that was pulled off and stored by the numbers, so they take it and put it back, because the Historical Society did not approve.
• [00:04:46.12] CHARLES SCHLANDERER JR.: Approve of what their plan was underneath.
• [00:04:48.60] JACKIE SASAKI: You did have to jump through some hoops. Now, tell me, 1933. This is the height of the Depression. Why would someone choose to go into a luxury good business?
• [00:05:01.95] CHARLES SCHLANDERER SR.: Well, we were already in it. We just split off.
• [00:05:06.02] JACKIE SASAKI: Also, it started actually earlier than that.
• [00:05:09.09] CHARLES SCHLANDERER SR.: Well, my grandfather started, I think, in 1886 as a watch maker for Haller's. And that was an old jewelry store that was up there on University. It was up there around the corner, just between Moe Sport Shop in the corner where Alexander's Drug Store used to be, across from Hill Auditorium.
• [00:05:27.71] JACKIE SASAKI: So you've seen a lot of changes on--
• [00:05:30.47] CHARLES SCHLANDERER SR.: I didn't see that. That was [INAUDIBLE].
• [00:05:31.88] JACKIE SASAKI: --the retail. But through the years that you've been in business, you name all these stores that used to be here and there on Main Street. So there's quite a--
• [00:05:41.59] CHARLES SCHLANDERER SR.: Well, yeah. The downtown used to be strictly a business community. And now there's offices and everything else down there. The only office building would have been the Hanover Trust building, and that's the one that's Key Bank. But the bank really used all the floors there for that.
• [00:06:01.64] And then, the one Bill Martin's got, First National, across the street from us, that was an office building. And the one up on the corner by the arena, right across the street, that was an office building a long time, too. A lot of lawyers offices in there.
• [00:06:16.26] JACKIE SASAKI: Now, you're the fourth generation to come into the business. What direction do you see a business going in in the future?
• [00:06:27.05] CHARLES SCHLANDERER JR.: I think we do more specialty items. We do a lot more custom work now. Our clientele has been leaning more towards individual items instead of wanting to buy something that everybody else has. And so even though we inventory pieces and have things to show, a lot of people will come in and say, I like this, I like that, I like this, and can you make something combining those?
• [00:06:55.60] Or they'll bring us a picture, an idea, and we do an awful lot with that. Which I think helps us, because in the day and age of big box stores, where you go in and everything's the same on every shelf-- you can go into a Walmart, or a Meijer or someplace like that, and you know it's laid out the same. You know you can get the same product everywhere.
• [00:07:19.40] In luxury items, people buy them to make themselves feel good. They're not buying them because it's a necessity at all. So that's kind of the direction that we've gone, is more individualized and not have our inventory necessarily match somebody else's, where they can go any place and find that. Because that's not what our customer is looking for.
• [00:07:42.50] CHARLES SCHLANDERER SR.: Well, it's pretty hard to find stuff that's going to fit in every community. I mean, Ann Arbor and Ypsilanti is a good example. You can't sell the same thing in both towns, because the clientele isn't the same.
• [00:07:55.03] And the thing is that most of the chain stores-- whether Walmart's, of jewelry stores, Zale's, or something like that-- are all pretty much preset by somebody. That person in the store has very little say on what they can inventory to sell you. And since we can custom make so much of that stuff, you may want a little different twist, or it doesn't feel comfortable on your hand, or it's not the right length, we can alter it.
• [00:08:23.03] JACKIE SASAKI: Now, have you seen the clientele change over the years, over the decades? Who were your typical customers now, and who might it have been years ago?
• [00:08:36.26] CHARLES SCHLANDERER SR.: Pretty much the same type of person. I mean, we've always catered to the people that want nice things. I mean, not everybody wants a Rolex watch, but some people just feel they can't get along without one. So again, we've still got the same niche as far as what our customer base is, probably, but just different people.
• [00:08:59.03] CHARLES SCHLANDERER JR.: And we build things in all different price ranges. If you have $5 to spend, we can find something in that price range. If you have no set limit, we can do that, too, and someplace in between. So I think we get to the point where a lot of people come in, and walk in the door, and are overwhelmed by the price tags of some things, but we have things in all different ranges. Custom really doesn't necessarily come with a custom price, as well.
• [00:09:35.10] CHARLES SCHLANDERER SR.: A lot if it is your idea or mine. Or ours.
• [00:09:39.17] DEBBIE GALLAGHER: Multigenerational customers.
• [00:09:41.44] CHARLES SCHLANDERER SR.: Oh, yeah.
• [00:09:42.81] CHARLES SCHLANDERER JR.: A lot of multi-generational customers. And we still do a lot of work outside of town. Ann Arbor has a huge transient people, people that are here on residences, doctors, going to school with U of M here, Washtenaw, Eastern Michigan, all the different hospitals. And a lot of people don't necessarily live here anymore. We get calls every day from all over the country and all over the world.
• [00:10:11.19] JACKIE SASAKI: I bet you do a really stiff business on football weekend.
• [00:10:15.28] CHARLES SCHLANDERER JR.: Believe it or not, that's a slower time. We have people that we don't see on a regular basis, but most of the Ann Arborites won't come down and fight the traffic.
• [00:10:25.55] CHARLES SCHLANDERER SR.: Same with the art fair.
• [00:10:26.63] CHARLES SCHLANDERER JR.: Yeah. Art fair's the same way. We get people that just happened to be in town one day a year, and they'll stop in and see us, or have their rings cleaned, or they'll just come in. And they may have lived here for 25, 30 years, they've retired someplace else and they come back for a football game or for the art fair, or something like that, So, that's kind of fun too, but it's not necessarily a big boon for our business, because our regular clientele won't come down and fight the traffic.
• [00:10:56.73] JACKIE SASAKI: Now, I want each of you to tell me the most memorable sale you've made. Maybe not necessarily the largest and the most expensive Rolex watch you sold, but one that really stays with you through the years. The most memorable sale you had.
• [00:11:13.48] CHARLES SCHLANDERER SR.: Well, probably the one I would tell you, I had a customer came in, bought an engagement ring. And he gave blood to pay for it, to the blood bank, and got a check for donating.
• [00:11:24.79] JACKIE SASAKI: Do you know how long ago it was?
• [00:11:26.69] CHARLES SCHLANDERER JR.: Oh, boy. That's got to be 40 years ago?
• [00:11:30.39] JACKIE SASAKI: Is that right?
• [00:11:31.56] CHARLES SCHLANDERER JR.: Yeah. That would be probably the most unusual thing. But he'd come in and give me the check for like every three or four weeks, [INAUDIBLE] because he couldn't give blood every day.
• [00:11:43.98] [LAUGHTER]
• [00:11:45.32] CHARLES SCHLANDERER SR.: But he sold his blood to pay for his engagement ring.
• [00:11:50.16] JACKIE SASAKI: That's wonderful. How about you, Chuck? Can you remember?
• [00:11:55.82] CHARLES SCHLANDERER JR.: There's a ton. One of the things that I remember from childhood is an older woman who used to bake lemon meringue pies for us, because she really didn't have money to pay for things. And she'd come in, it was never a big deal. She was looking for a watch band, or a battery, or something small. And she would say, you have to stop by my house after work, and he would take me down, like, Ann Street or something. Where did she live? Oh, around the old West Side.
• [00:12:29.14] CHARLES SCHLANDERER SR.: Yeah. She lived up on the hill on Gott Street or one of those. Daniel or one of those streets, yeah. No, it's Spring-- what's the one that comes down by Knight?
• [00:12:40.16] JACKIE SASAKI: Spring?
• [00:12:40.85] CHARLES SCHLANDERER SR.: Is that Spring Street? I think it's Spring Street. Yeah, she lived up there.
• [00:12:43.58] CHARLES SCHLANDERER JR.: It was old West Side, and we used to go by there, and she'd have a lemon meringue pie for us.
• [00:12:50.17] CHARLES SCHLANDERER SR.: It would be that thick.
• [00:12:51.17] CHARLES SCHLANDERER JR.: Yeah. It would be 8 inches tall.
• [00:12:54.07] CHARLES SCHLANDERER SR.: And it was very good.
• [00:12:56.11] CHARLES SCHLANDERER JR.: Yeah. She'd want us to sit down and talk, and everything, and he'd always take me up there. I was a little kid. That's one of the best memories I had, and it wasn't, you know, one of the biggest sales or anything like that.
• [00:13:10.36] CHARLES SCHLANDERER SR.: The biggest sales, I mean, that's an event that is really nice to get, but it's not something that you'd categorize as unusual.
• [00:13:22.10] CHARLES SCHLANDERER JR.: Just good memories.
• [00:13:23.21] CHARLES SCHLANDERER SR.: Yeah, just good, you know, the relation with those people.
• [00:13:28.80] JACKIE SASAKI: Now, your sign says Schlanderer's and Sons, and you've just gone through the male line of the family. Has any daughters been involved in the business?
• [00:13:38.96] CHARLES SCHLANDERER JR.: My sister worked in the business for a while, not as an owner. But she works at Bank of Ann Arbor now. She's--
• [00:13:47.46] CHARLES SCHLANDERER SR.: Vice President.
• [00:13:48.15] CHARLES SCHLANDERER JR.: Yeah, Commercial Loan Officer up there. She has an [INAUDIBLE]--
• [00:13:52.19] JACKIE SASAKI: Has any other female in the family been involved in the business?
• [00:13:55.76] CHARLES SCHLANDERER SR.: She's the only one that would be.
• [00:13:56.66] JACKIE SASAKI: Is that right?
• [00:13:57.57] CHARLES SCHLANDERER SR.: Yeah.
• [00:13:58.03] CHARLES SCHLANDERER JR.: I have two daughters, but they're young. They're going to both be in colleges this year.
• [00:14:03.99] JACKIE SASAKI: Have they worked in the store?
• [00:14:05.87] CHARLES SCHLANDERER SR.: Not really. They've been there and stuff.
• [00:14:08.52] CHARLES SCHLANDERER JR.: Yeah, they've been in and out for take down and things like that, but not as an employee, they have not. And there was no pressure for me to be in the store either. So if it's something they want to pursue, it's available.
• [00:14:21.95] CHARLES SCHLANDERER SR.: They're involved to the fact that you can't help but be.
• [00:14:25.11] JACKIE SASAKI: It's a family business.
• [00:14:26.42] CHARLES SCHLANDERER SR.: Yeah. And they're not down there from 9:00 to 5:00 or something. But they've always get something they want us to fix. it's one of their friends.
• [00:14:40.41] JACKIE SASAKI: Now, what are some of the major changes in the retail landscape in And Arbor that you can see from your experience?
• [00:14:51.38] CHARLES SCHLANDERER JR.: A lot of retail has come and gone. Obviously, the influx of all the restaurants and things like that have taken up a lot of the retail space.
• [00:15:02.82] JACKIE SASAKI: Is that good for your business, the restaurants?
• [00:15:08.29] CHARLES SCHLANDERER JR.: We've tried staying open late a few times. That's not necessarily our-- that's when the restaurants, I think, are the busiest and more bustling. And downtown Ann Arbor has a great night life, and a lot of people that come down for dinner and things. That's not necessarily our clientele.
• [00:15:26.53] I think we're such a niche market that we're a destination. People make it a point to come and see us. Parking's not necessarily easy. You have construction going on right out in front of here, and just coming the two blocks from our store to the library was interesting today. We had to go three blocks west to come two blocks east.
• [00:15:50.36] So, it's changed tremendously. I remember Goodyear, a lot of the clothing stores have gone out because they're not specialized. You can buy a white blouse and socks and underwear anyplace nowadays, where it didn't used to be that way.
• [00:16:10.07] JACKIE SASAKI: But none downtown.
• [00:16:11.85] CHARLES SCHLANDERER JR.: Not anymore.
• [00:16:13.25] JACKIE SASAKI: You're one of the very few businesses who has made a great effort to stay downtown, and I'm sure the city is very appreciative of that. Is there anything the city could do to make life better, easier for you guys? I'm sure you guys are very active.
• [00:16:37.08] CHARLES SCHLANDERER JR.: Of course, parking is always an issue. I've been to a few cities where they actually-- and I don't know if this would help us or not, if we would say open for it-- but where they'll actually shut off a section of main street or a section of the business district after 5:00 PM to traffic.
• [00:16:58.18] CHARLES SCHLANDERER SR.: It becomes a mall.
• [00:16:59.54] CHARLES SCHLANDERER JR.: Yeah. It kind of becomes an outdoor mall.
• [00:17:01.74] JACKIE SASAKI: A pedestrian mall.
• [00:17:02.28] CHARLES SCHLANDERER JR.: Yeah. I know a few places. Louisville, Kentucky does that. It's a great spot. I would love to see that happen in Ann Arbor. Whether it benefits us-- anything that benefits Ann Arbor, the money that comes in here trickles down somewhere along the line. We don't see any benefit, really, from the art fair, but the hotels, the restaurants, those places do business, and they spend money with us. So, it's not necessarily direct, but indirectly we thrive from that, too.
• [00:17:35.18] JACKIE SASAKI: You just mentioned business comes and goes. What do you attribute to your success and your longevity in the community?
• [00:17:43.59] CHARLES SCHLANDERER SR.: Probably taking care of the customers. We try to bend over backwards. We've got the philosophy I want to sell you something, but I want you as a repeat customer, not necessarily just a one-time sale.
• [00:17:56.37] CHARLES SCHLANDERER JR.: You take good care of your customers, they take very good care of you. And it ebbs and flows, and that's what we've found. We try to treat everybody the same, and try not to turn anybody away. Obviously, in the retail business you can't be everything to everybody, but we try to do the best we can. And I think people appreciate that, and come back to you because of that.
• [00:18:20.19] CHARLES SCHLANDERER SR.: Well, a lot of people send us customers. They'll say, so-and-so sent me. So you know that that's--
• [00:18:28.35] CHARLES SCHLANDERER JR.: Our best advertising is word of mouth. So, you keep people happy, they--
• [00:18:35.23] JACKIE SASAKI: They come back.
• [00:18:36.38] CHARLES SCHLANDERER JR.: Yeah. They come back, and they take care of you. They send you people.
• [00:18:40.34] JACKIE SASAKI: OK, a little bit of trivia. I noticed that the Schlanderers have a really strong connection with U of M hockey?
• [00:18:48.46] CHARLES SCHLANDERER SR.: Correct.
• [00:18:49.86] JACKIE SASAKI: Why?
• [00:18:50.67] CHARLES SCHLANDERER SR.: Well, [INAUDIBLE] was captain of the 1932 hockey team, U of M hockey team.
• [00:18:57.49] JACKIE SASAKI: And so then, you play? You were [INAUDIBLE] supporters?
• [00:19:02.70] CHARLES SCHLANDERER SR.: Well, yes. I played and Chuckie played. Chuckie's still playing. Our kids and the next generation, grandchildren, are all playing. So in fact, his daughter even played travel hockey.
• [00:19:15.80] JACKIE SASAKI: Really? Local team? School team?
• [00:19:21.32] CHARLES SCHLANDERER JR.: Local teams, not school teams. My son will probably play for Dexter. We live in Dexter now. My daughter played back and forth between Ann Arbor and Chelsea, depending on where they could field enough girls to have a team. And lots of times, it was the same team and just had a different name on. They kind of bopped back and forth.
• [00:19:41.62] CHARLES SCHLANDERER SR.: New logo.
• [00:19:42.99] CHARLES SCHLANDERER JR.: I still play in two leagues, and so a lot of that's just family tradition more than anything. But Uncle Art got invited to the Olympics, didn't he?
• [00:19:54.87] CHARLES SCHLANDERER SR.: Yeah, in '32. But you had to pay your own way then.
• [00:19:57.54] CHARLES SCHLANDERER JR.: Yep. Couldn't afford to go, and was working.
• [00:20:00.62] JACKIE SASAKI: You don't have sponsors, major sponsors?
• [00:20:02.20] CHARLES SCHLANDERER JR.: Didn't have sponsors then.
• [00:20:03.11] CHARLES SCHLANDERER SR.: Not in those days. He bought his own skates, even, to play.
• [00:20:07.62] JACKIE SASAKI: Very good. DEBBIE GALLAGHER: Do you get to know any of the other owners of the heritage business over time? Like the Knights or others?
• [00:20:15.63] CHARLES SCHLANDERER SR.: Yeah. I grew up with Ray. And Fingerle's, the generation that's just out of there. Brian and his brother. Yeah, I knew them, and see them socially and stuff.
• [00:20:29.83] CHARLES SCHLANDERER JR.: And their kids we see. A lot old Ann Arborites know each other. That's kind of amazing. Whether they're in businesses or not, they may just happen to be in certain businesses or old time business. But, yeah, you end up knowing people because you run the same circles and everything.
• [00:20:51.78] I was thinking about Schlenker's, Jerry Schlenker. They've now sold their hardware store, but he still does home repair and stuff like that, which is related. And I see him every once in a while. So yeah, there's a lot of those.
• [00:21:07.60] CHARLES SCHLANDERER SR.: We had a golf outing a few years ago, it there was 16 of us played, and every one of them had grown up in Ann Arbor.
• [00:21:12.67] JACKIE SASAKI: Is that right? Now, you grow up living in Ann Arbor, right? And now you live in Dexter.
• [00:21:18.31] CHARLES SCHLANDERER JR.: I live in Dexter now, but I grew up in Ann Arbor as well.
• [00:21:21.37] JACKIE SASAKI: Is there a very strong business community to help each other out? You get together and bounce ideas around?
• [00:21:29.70] CHARLES SCHLANDERER SR.: Well, they help each other out. If you need something, you can go call them, because you can get in to see them. And you know who to go see. But we don't have any organized meets, like the Chamber of Commerce type connection or something.
• [00:21:42.39] CHARLES SCHLANDERER JR.: You may not talk to somebody for 5 or 10 years and--
• [00:21:46.72] CHARLES SCHLANDERER SR.: They know who you are and they know you're there.
• [00:21:48.63] CHARLES SCHLANDERER JR.: In a phone call, you know--
• [00:21:50.08] [INTERPOSING VOICES]
• [00:21:51.25] CHARLES SCHLANDERER JR.: Or want something, you take care of each other. That's just the way the community works.
• [00:21:59.70] DEBBIE GALLAGHER: Have any of the more recent business owners tried to join in on that? Like, I'm thinking of Mark Hodesh I know he's not that new compared to-- 1880s he is. Do you find yourself building relationships with any of the newer businesses?
• [00:22:16.46] CHARLES SCHLANDERER SR.: Well, we know-- [INAUDIBLE] pretty well somewhere along the line, because you introduce some to somebody, or you want to make sure that you know who's in there, and who's doing business before-- if nothing else, if somebody comes in the store and wants to know where they can buy this or that, you want to send them someplace where you think they can get taken care of.
• [00:22:39.59] [MUSIC PLAYING]
• [00:22:42.35] ANDREW: If you'd like to learn more about Schlanderer and Sons Jewelers, visit their website at Schlandererandsonsjewelry.com.
• [00:22:50.17] AMY: Music for this episode has been from the score to The Back Page, composed and performed by Steven Ball, available at aadl.org/backpage.
• [00:22:59.72] ANDREW: AADL Talks To Charles Schlanderer, Junior And Charles Schlanderer, Senior has been a production of the Ann Arbor District Library.