The Age Of Stone

-fvs mu umy ímplements of carly man in Europe were of stooe, the era in human history has been called the " Stone Age." The earliest relies of' man n Europe are rude flint Ímplements, as arrow-heads, chisels, etc.; flint chippings, or the chips thrown off in making theiDStruments ; rude carvings ; human bones and skeletons ; the bones of the animáis used for food, split lengthwise, this being dooe to get the marrow ; also charcoal and other remains of fire. Portions of skeletons referred to the Paleolithic era, have been found in Belgiuru and some other countries. The Belgium skulls are "fair average skulls;" "the lowest yet discovered canoot be regarded," says Huxley, " as the remains of a human being intermedíate betwecn man and ape. Paleolithic man seeins to have existed id a very primitivecondition both sociallyann intellectually. Dweiling in wild caverna, he hunted (he beasts of the forest with the rudeat stone impleuients, and clothed himself in their skins. There is no evidence of the use of' fire, though probably known. In the reindeer epoch, however, when glaciers again covercd nearly all Europe, firo was in general use. It was employed in baking a better style of pottery and in cooking föod in general and quite possibly, as Winchell suggests, in canabalistic tic feasts. The flint icuplements of this era are well made butunpolishcd. Many piecesof highly ornamented reindeer's hom are found. One of these contains a sketch of the hairy elcphant of the era. Perfect skeletons of men have been found ia caverns. One froin a cave at Mentone was of a man i'ull six feet in height. It lay buried in the stalagmite of the cave with flint instruments and shell ornaments around, and a chaplet of stag'steeth across its head. In the Neolitbic epoch cereals wero cul tivated and round into flour for cakes, cloth was formed for clothinfc, and bone combs for the hair ; garden tools were fashioned from stag's home, log canoes were used in navigation ; planks and titubers of oak were uiadeby splitling tree-trunkswith stone wedges ; log cabins were constructed on piles or on artificial islands. 'Ihe natural Iove for adornmentwas early displayed by paleolithic man. He made use of neck laces formed of' natural beads ( 'iiMstingof fossil foraminifera fromchalk. Later the taste for personal adornment is oonciderabiy developed. They manufRCtured not only nccklaces butalso braoeletsand pendants. Amber also carne into use. Artistic feeling is also displayed by successful attempts at portraiture. Ileligiously, thero iê little to bc affirmed or inferred froui these early relios. The numerous specimens of bright and shining minerals tound about many settlements, as of hydrated oxide ofiron, carbonato of copper and fluorspar, niay have been used as amulets, thus testifying to the vague sense of the supernatural whicheharacterizes the infancy oí' human society.