Tariff Calculations

;g, tbat the only way in which a revenue ent for the wants of the country can be ( i, iö by the imposition of duttes on i(iey !. Iïut it is questioncd by many litiel( ese dtities can be laid in such a sesSoi as to replenish the treasury with a Biim he cc 1 to our national expenses- bcing abont boa ai lillions annually. If the duties on imports perso w, the revenue will be smallj ifthey be bbe i, the imports will he few, and of course MjJ duties paid will be small in amount. - ce it ia hought by many that a ., [uty of 20 per cent. will bring more into T] treasury than a higher or lower duty.- Fore effect of high and low duües on the jjjay e and consumption of different artielep, Fr defeats all calculations, nnd can only be ned by experience. The last D prives some facts on this subject worthy of ntion. Tl t is a maxim in politicnl cconomy that a Can ] )ction of duties will produce an increase of Fi sumption; but this is true only to alimitcd int, and in regard to a few articlcs. Sir D sert Peel stated in the House of Commons, N March, that a reduction of the duty on the , jacco from 4s, to Ss. was followed for Ir I years by a heavy reduction of revenue. - 8 V; eduction of one fourth of the duty was tiibi -ed by a reduction of more than one fifth is 01 he revenue. A reduct:on of 20 percent on T price added less than 5 per cent. to the cietj ïsumption. At the same rate the entire reil'of the duty would increase the n in England only one fifth, and our exporta ' that country wonld be augmented only 1 hogsheads. Sir Jlobert showed that a re;tion of the duties on wine, coffee, and -j r in Sngland was followed by reductinn in the revenue. PLr( On the other hnnd, an increase of duty is 2; nost invariably followed by a diminution of ofl nsumption, baffling all calculations upon a en rresponding increase of revenue. In 1840, ini addilion of 5 per cent. was made to the En istoms and Excise of England, which it was {he pposed would produce 5 per cent. addilional cc ?enue, equal to L1,895,595; whereas the toj enue was actually augmented only Qn 5, or one half per cent. The result would hai ubtless be similar when triod on most aJjJ :les in this country. The N. Y. Tribune, Om ie of the oracles of the protective policy, je ys in an article, July 16,- "We may safely ci'rc irm that a duty of twenty per cent on coi ii goods will yield inore reverme than one of l " „ Su s ih That the Home Leaguers were apprehensive A 1 at a mere proteclive system would not,of Al self, produce a eufficient revenue; is plain .v Dm the factoftheir incorporating into the au riff bilí a 20 per cent duty on lea and coffee Vis could not be for protection, as we have Ve i tea or coffee growers to be benefitted by it. of is su pposed ie will produce two and a f[. r milhons annually lt is obvious thit this, so e most of our national legislation,wi!l cause ie North to pay by far the greater part of this e Tiount, because only a small portion of the co outhern people use tea and coffee white they e consumed doily in ncarly every family in ie free States. ei The souihern politicians seem to understand ie workings of the tariff most admirably.- [c 'hile an actual tax has thus been saddled on fr 3 the people, to be paid chiefly by the North v s a tax, they have not been slow in claiming i hounty on Southern sugar and negroos. - 1T Phe eagerness of the sugar planters for g ection we have formerly noticed. In a late n nemorial they say: l "Efficiënt rotection,so that 5 cents at least t] night be depended on for raw eucrars, would s fiable the planter of Lomsiana to increase the n Milture of the cane to the full annual demniul r .f the country, (say about 2f;O,OOO,noO) whichiVOULl) JtrAUIKr K1A1 ï jtiuuöiu i UORE HANDS AT LEAST."- Memorial c ,f Sugar Planters, 1842. In 1830, Senator Johnson, of Lonisiann, ( ed that the pnce of slaves is doubled by ihe c ]uty on sugar - that a redoction of one cent a ( jound on sngar would tnke away half ,he profit, and diminish thevalue of slaves j me half- that the profit on the capital chiefly ( joes back to Virginia and Maryland to buy i more slaves - and that the present price of 3Ugar (in 1830) at 5L cents is sustained by a , 3uty of three cents per pound. We will close these miscellaneous facts j with four remarlo. i 1. It would be very difficult to frame a rev?nue bill which would suit all classes, or which would opérate impartially &. equitably upon all. 2. In whatever shape the revenue tax may be laid, the North will pay at least four fifihs i of jt for the North is a laborer, and therefore a consumer, while the South is an idler , and a bankrupt. 3. While the North pays four fifths of the revenue into the treasury, the South manages to take more than one halfout of it. 4. Theonly raiional method by which the Government can obtain relief, is by pursuing the same course that individuáis are obliged to adopt- contracting its expenses to its actual