Address Of Hon. G. V. Lothrop

The Hon. II. (. Wells, President of the Society, having introduced Mr. L.' aa the substituto of the Hon. Andrew Johnson, he said : Farmers inl eltisenl of Micïiigiin : My excellent friend now behihd me a correct, so f;ir as I am concerned,' i(i-, uil but ono thing. The Agricultural Society did not invito me but gave me a corsrnáud; I come an unwillisg conseriptto the Agricultual Society to givo you a speech instead of au AddVess. fknow welt who was expected here to day, and no one feels a tmirelively regret, tban I that we oannot hear to-day his eloquent words of patiiotism. iluard floin a distance they have stirred us like a trumpetj could they have been heard frorn his cwn lips like living opaU from the altar they would have kindled in our hearts ! a more glowin patiiotism. Ho who ' was to addtess you ia now on a mor arduous stage. Let us still rctain nu affectiod for Andrew Johnxon. We liave been accustoined to seo es. les ffotn foreign climea in this country, but: never before this il'-imened year froiil' sister States of the Union'. But now wösee Andrew Johnson cxiled ir&m his own State. "VYhy M tbi? WThy is he tlriven ('rom his own titatë? liecuu&é his patrioti.sm vvas more lolty than 'riia fellowa. iSecause Bmidftt great public crimináis he was stained with no ciiinc; beeauso arnidst perjured traitnrs ho would do no treason. ít ia bul a llttle moro thiin a year ago that at diarlentoW I henrd the deleguted vóice el TeñHéif see ñamo Aööffiw Johnson as her first dioico for the Chiel Magiatrucy. Shamo on recreant Tbnnwíee ! The lastof the shamefu! triin of destioyed Stiltes, she. coulcl not plunge to hr damnlng infamy bt-fore she had I rieü deep o her soil Ai:drefr Jabktóh, and driven'far from her yery air, Andiew JoliDsoii! 3hough lost to TWrrestsei;, he fias bticomo the propertv ol the u hul' country; ocasing to le a citizen ol Tei -" nessee, !e has beeome a citizen of thu whole Union. Aftei1 a!l these tr ubica (lie nway, let that country briijg fbrtlí1 her highest honor.-!, and lav lliéni tt the Peet cf Andrew Johnsori! I do not aspiro to fil! his pb-ce. I isame to rr.ak a speech aod to uníte with yon in celebra ting t.his annual testivtl. I congratúlale you, fttrmérH oí Michigan, thut this has been a year1 of plentilul harvests - that á btKintifUC Providence has showered so many blealings upon you - that peacë and love reigri' in your hab tutions; tbere, ut least, ihere is abundartttt. - Ít ia oné of thö'very bébt loatures cit módorn civiüzation that agriculture hokfc its present pösi'ion. This has not ulwnys been tho case, for, if yon louk. back only a httle at the history of the world, vou will fiuil that it was a, trveMcul eaüiiicj. Why, the very n:.:i.cs grVtfwto aiitiml ti!lei-í oí' the soil indi" cate tbü meanness and degrudation cf his )í)sition;' it w'aa peasnnt.serf, slnve, and tho very deed that traesferred the' tand tra!ií;eiTid Iba' l'aborer on t. That methnd has ceásed,and to-'day in every great country oí Eüfojw agricult ure íh bVe,.rid as one of' the great íüterosts ot the nation. It has its Jepartinents and hiieaus, as has w'ir and poüct). Why,'luok and ee h.w all tnu industrial puruiís.gTBw out ot,' and pp;iig from, agiculiur ;■ look ab;o.,d, thu inanutacturers are but workers in liiu producto of the soil, añil they aro interwoven throtighnot tbe social System; they aro in everylhing; oommerce ;iáists lai;gtly ili trun portins; tbom from one State or country to BDOther. lt was a s'.riking remark m ide at an agricultura! fostiv.J, by Daniel Webster, that the destruetion, il' the turijp orop in Engiand might produce a revohnion. IWj wos kistih'ed in saying thi;, for s,o important a place does this crop liold that its failure con-" u!sed"tie most s. I J g vernment of Kuropqtó its centre. J ust loóle ono rninut ■ al whnt the results ot' tho entice fuiluw ol' one skiglo plant miht pi'o-" duoe; lot iwiivei'sal blight (al] un tlu wheat ilant, and wh it signiticanco has i,? It has the signifiuauco of au overvrLelming fu mine. , Agricullure has a!so rison not 'ir.V in social pösition but in its intrinisio chai-acter. Fonncily it was uhnpst pnrely manual. Now, liad it retnained tbere it must have becoino relatively retrogade. lint it has advanced by uniting nteliectual activity to manual iadustry II' you add a bushel of grain by an hour or a days' addtiioBa wo-ik you iiicrease the buid total of product', and, this is all. The method-ol' nwdera Bgrioulturu h to make the farm produoumore without the additional labor. We dow aini to alleviate the burden, oftoil. We aini to work more wrtb the brain and less with tho hanú.-v. Heneo come the improved implüments of huflbandiy. So he who impruves the quality oí a dornestie autuial or of a grain worke in the trne spirit of, sciontific agriculture, tbe re.suk is improved witb a dkninished ost. But he who only adds to tho number of hia herd or to. his Uushels oí grain by ar increase oL toil has really done nothing - itis the old way. But he who givos you an iinproved breed of cattle, who furnishes more and better beef at leas coat; who gives you a borse wicli groater speed and" endutance; or a graia of superior produot or of greuter ■vei'i'ht in the measureë bhéí, has moved in the right directian. Such has been the result in our owr State, Look at it. There are men boro wtio are older than any real agriculture in the State of Michigan. But a short period ago the 8tate was a wildernes but now it is coveied with poaceful homes. The farmer has brought t: is about beca use his bruin has worked with hij hand. Look biok, ooly six yeara ago, and compare cattle and horsea i hen brougbt with thoso which Staed hero to day. Tbe farmers of tho State may be weï proud oí their progress. You have wifely establi.-hed these annual meetings to fo-iter and o'icourage this progreöS. These festivals ar. your great eïebange of ideas and opio ïons; and you havo como here tbi year as is your wont. But there iaono thing that bas madotbta year'a gathering different Irofli any other. To-day you see tho epectacle of your cb,urches open, and your Ie)lo-v-citizens meeling tointercede for the meroy of Almtghty God on our land. A larga área of our conutryis shakeoj by the tread of armed men. I slmuKi bo untrue to myself, nntrue to you aml to the great man who should havestood ia tny place, if I did not say somothing on a topic which now overrules all others. Sniiething like eighty yeors ago, ourfatheis, your ancestoia and mine - . who had been tried by one of theSercest struggles that men ever wenö tbrough and had tested their patriotten by their blood, founded with grwitcaro a government. The güverD.nwv tbey fcrjr.ed and 'iyte! ig-{idèr1 and whirlii c have lived onder, s n government llidt, n lje histerv f l;v urn ld, is uilt:li;iK'U liy ai. y in l'o ros ui Is t has produred. In eighty yoars, ufter passing tlfWmph ti cnntililniiig w:.r, we hiivc ltii w ;■. fi'oin n ('iui.-iti(it) o!' tb poe millions to over tl.irty i;,il!i't,s, ii:h! uur wiüHIi hos grown bister thjjn our populutiou. Thai gnveriiinent has betn mon benefícent tlian noy that Gd over hi-foro V'-uch-afed. It has ni uli? :i ptop!e tliat woiv u,nknown in t!n . fiutii to fee .1 gn at a. U-ad ing nut ion. Our comftierco wa willi everv patj "f tfiuvoflil, cur politie 1 instilntipntishtj , Int-ir licht ai' over, So intiinalely :■! ttidelv hnd our l;;-i'n'-s ntvrots 1 nv.i.c n'cfwi en WÏtfl the IVorM, that w!:c:i Ur [cll tho ;!.■:(!;, tic uloh,-(l Euri'pe feit filen. S great aiid.vur.ied wir our jtnulii. -tii. ds, !)at wbilo ú)Ó ootion of ,le country i-'il :i ï-ïï.ga por I Won ol the v.oild, wc nlsi) clqtlicd it witii the prnducts l annief. The i operativo in the inills at M.anchüter rent I1Í9 diiy in prinning the cotton of j tho S(nith. wli'lo í:- uJiil.ilren were fei) t hóino oi 1I1" otienp bread and tfie : ehep i'nofit fiirriisiied by tha i wt;st. I luüi'vi; that nu otlier a mer.t ever exis! cd that ever eooure'J, to it? p?o.Ii! so mnny blesaings. Tliis wa our eóndUion cue ycar ago. To i!;i_y éléyen átales are urging n parrieidtvl war nsaiiist tlio goyemment] Wliy is tlrs 9 ub njay. wcll as!; whyl lur . (uoh n gpectaele I ihiük ilie world Dcver before saw W hut is tbia movement uf ha S'futli? Ts it a revolutïop? S!ou and I ícápcct revolulion. Yon :ir:J l wrra ÉRUgLt that ïcvolution is a sacrod riiiht. But revolution is only justifiablo ■wlicn governineiit fa Is toanswor tlic end for wliich it was oixlaiiux! and il oppresiioiis bccamc ii. tolerable. Tlicn uioh msjand ouglit to resort to rcvolutiona Hut is it 011 any tcuable gróund of rovolution tbnt South Cnroliua and Alabuma hire pone out of the llníon? L'ok over tholr mauifestoes. Tlity do not nniuo a single practical oppression, They dn not oall thcir aclion revolution - ilicy rail it t'trssioH. And wint is tee Tho idoa is that our fnthers did not form a government- bul oaly a treaty - a pcrtiicrshig ia politics, and wh.cn either party guls tired of it tlicy may withdraw frqin it. If it was n treaty - it' it was a mero covenant dependmg upori consent of tlio p'vrtiea - thev havo a riglit to witlidraw. Il' it was a government that opcrated indepcodeotly by rirtue of ts own forcé thtn 110 Stad' whatevpr had an}' right to withdraw, nd to do so is himply rebellion. - [Oheors] Seccssion claims that it. h is a right to withdraw rrospective of consequenocs to thoac that reiiiain. Concede that it was tlio best government that God gave to man ; concedo all this " says Soulli Carolina,'1 and yet wo have a right to pull it down 011 our own heads though we ruin mil liona of others, But riht hcre is'tlio horesy. Tliis Union is no partnership of ïudependtmtsovereigtis, Tt is a govehnmen'T- a governineiit of almost unalloyed beneficence. 'J'hc right of secession is a cruzy delusion. No pround of rovolution is pretended. Now 1 avcr that hu who rises ia arms ander these circums tuncos agninst Buoh a goveniincnt is 1 traitor of thu blackest ihv, and desorves the deepest pcrditioD. [Idstbusiastic ohecring.J lint "("(■esi'ioD" is no" 1 n'v elaimcd r h rif;ht bnt, to diiy, eleven State are pctkiiiL' 'r pi t i in prnclice Wc must tlion dei.1 vith it as nn actual faet This quea'ion :it ópce crises. Why tbiv attoli:pted s.■irl? I?nt th;it fj'U'st'rn I neitber propone to put or annwer here to-Jay. This is r.ot thu tima 1 r ;t. I htivenó doubt but i íomt; wrong, come gi ie vanees, so: riel rrovocations havo exitedj for such great móvoments do not take pluce wholly without causo. Butwosuenn'l know tliat thcre was notbing to pstify nreoísion nnd [ilunging the üountl'V in cisil ar. That is suffitroot npw. VVhen order is nsti.red, loy.i'y renwed, and tho govornir.ent rafBrmed, I huil i;e rt'itdy to con.iffer that quetttioq To-day [ have Oth.or QUestiotJ to oon.ider. Tbey ir ihesc: Wliuro dó 'e now s'anij? And what i.-t 11 r du'ty? And I nin glad h it on hoso topics I can spaak to you o d iy. Now, tiftor tho ezperienco "f six inonths what I ay will bo botter tinde stood tlian wh'en tbi terrible strife began. At tho oütsnt niany fupposed t!)is entbreak would bu tra'is;i;nt - easily enppresscd. I was not of that nuinbur. From 'J10 lirst I thuught it was to be t doatb Btrugglo. I oxpected thi. - Henee, though froralho first, aíler the attatk on Suinj.ter, I accapted this war hk an ab.silute necusiity; f :ece)to(i it wtth inuxpressibie Ugony; I foreeuw ts long train of BufFeringr, mimiry and disRfito". Now, lifter th teuchingfi f six months, I m glud t-- speak on this subject again. And w here do wo now étand? We aü nnw know that wo aro plunged in a Honibli1 civil war. Wo all now know that it is a war to be wagod to trie extrcrnity. And we 'I know ibat it is u war that vyill not end to-duy. We havo ulso, by disaa er, loarned tomo other tbings; Fir'it- Wo havo learned what "secespion" 13 We know now that it is etvdwar! We know that t i:n orts a dostnie.tion f all the Stutegovernmonts. For it is un iu 'ii ibsol ju-!v mooiifusteot vrith permanent goverament. Ai the bezinning many j.lt-his euppoed t wss a harmluss politica! theoiy. JNow we kninv il is :i politica! ouncor whioh must Ite remorselüsslv rooted out of llio nyatein or tu end wil! bo cioai 1. i? cmd - We havo learnud to va'ue rigotly tho magnitude ef thia ei niest. A'i'! I am rejoiced tluit this estiin.iti; has cnm ;it hist. And I any t ymi that ior this renson, I have more hopea ti-da, despito ill l he disasters vthiull havo befallen, and are still befalling us, than I hüd tvheo l heurd the upeniug gnv.t at Sunoptor. We undeMtaad now that we lindarvaluiid the resmirccs of thu rebels - We s;iid they liavo no food Mud Wi monoy. S! Buid our newspapers. - They suid tbey must noon stuFve out, nnd ilieir armies will bo xcttttered by want. Dil tl.cy forgat thai severa] of the rebel States are ainmig tl-.u large.it foou-prodiicing Stntes, ami ihat. duur down tn the fooi il' tliu hilld that bound the cottdii l)c!t, fod growfl with a l'ixuriarico unknowa to our cuidar cl i rne ? Wo'woro also t:ii'it that tlio social instituUun of tlio 8oiit:i was n groat wijuknasi. That tlie South stood on i vo!c'nothal wouM ut oncn bel( Ii lorih ils la'.a and wrap ts poople in detiiictrn. We liave now learoed somethinr nn thia qnestioii And whntever may ba the ullimale efibct of slavery do the robul Sia'es!, we n w know it to be a ouroo of immense Btrength. Wë sL it furnish people of qmck military inetincts - ready, and ub'e ubnqst to a mn, o tako up aMii.-; and a people mooili.i'il inlo an iciiva luilit.iry furce With astoiiishirif; faciüty. p(ov that we kfio.v these thtng, we nliall staroly prepara to meet thom, We vvilll culi s round us our resources, aiii, great ae all tbir etrengtli is, we will at last hul on t :i i'ro.e wbiuh ultorl y Kinite it down. rApphcuse.] Now hut is to be done? 1 spénk in t!.t; l'uü lace of uil our disusteiv, au! I tay tliw war must go au! fAp i isej ] I hink no man - ih'nih 1 HhaU not impeach the palriotinn ol those who differ uitli ino "ii il. is quoslion ol' polioy - l think'no rnun who is loynl to lús goverumunt, or ven to hhn.-vlf, ciui to-day tnlk ei' compromiso [Ap[ Ia::so and crios of ''(.iod,"] Wuy, ti p'roposu com iromisi; to rebels in ai'ms is to recogr.iso éee?8.sin. To treiit with an anited enemy is to accept Lis posiiton. And hum it is to nccipt xión. [Applause] We huve. but om; uiity, :ímI i hut is to Stand by thfe nviii.'io t itid put ill compromise behind us. [ Ap hm-c] My nest rucuwn is 1 hut uu have gót o redeen our honu! To i!ay vre stand dii-honoied. ai.d disraoed in ttie faco oi Chrinten dom. 'i hore can reully lx; tio rmiitin vi; hou' ;'. rli ar: fór persona! prowese Otliciuix', thoiigh wo cali ouiclves a nation, we shatl be only a people. Wc shull b'j n i ruore a iialion Uiati aro the Chinóse. To daty we have no reputatioü with lbo vo:hl, nor . bvu wo had sinco thnt dirr;ioa of' Munivsaaa - th'ni costly hoouut of the politicians, Wu ettn havo nont) lüitil wo pr)a to the wi'iUthat thére 'm brave y in the heitrta ■! ïlut Xotthcrn ici plu I have a tl::;l t'oifion ivhy .hu (Vurshüuld go forwalil: [f yoU had ln'acu t.) tiay you conKI not knap it, Br it wonld mako Ivvn ix'publics rrarth n the Öulf oi itexioo. Nik iwii rival república can is' with a boiindary at Manon & Dixon'd lino. Vou eould i:ot liavo yonr capital on tiiu Potomao aftd t ïi twaters ol' thu Ciiesapeakè i;i the hands of a rebel r an enemy. A country holding the; watert o!' the Chesupe.-.ke holds tho eominercial detiny ol' this continent. The posseion if ':i'Li:iia : is, tlicfi-i'.-ifi', : MHninoruiid, politioal ! and military nccessiiy. .Slie must lio a part of uh or wo a part ol hör There is iiii middle gwund. And wu must hold rirüiiia, even if we havo t drive eve y :.!!i. i'p!':r!' fro:n :).■!■ border and razo every house on héril. Jnst so ot MÜfsoiiri. 6he cominuadii rho outlot oí the O iio, and shu hld-i tho puthw.iy toall the terriory -vost ot hor own limite. Wi' must hold hor Or abandon our whoio Western Empire. Aurain, sticii a rival republio would hold us on'itviy at their inerc.y in the most important ;t' li ibntea of iia'.ionaü:y. Thov eould absolutoly con rol our oom meree and rovonua polioy - wo -sliould bo compblled lo regúlate oor 'o]iov by tbeii'H, or havo our trude and indus rv, both [oFöigu and domesiic, prostraterl. Such is iho inexorablu necossily! And [ repoat ihut Viiirua mus!, become a puit of us or wo i part ol' her. Our duty then is pluin We must stand uflflitrehingly by tho government. Every in toren! irmst load to this end. o must not ask wh, or ol' what purty ato our miers - wo must only ask wkere ih y aro. II thoy uro at the hoad of tho column, wo must let theni loei tho onorgv of a wbole people p;;lüttting Iiohind tnom Wo must jivo ihom, if noeossary, the last dinie and tho last man. Anct it that will uot do, we must lako tho nursling in the oradlo and cOflKiKsratO tl to iho pr.)socn 'on ol ' war lor coü.-itituiional liboi'tv. [Applaus.-.] Xiiit whilo VQ thuo patiiotioally support oi:r loaders wo must lio.'d thom lo a rigwi roepouslbility; if tlu-y ouonot keep their placo at the head :t tho ctiluii.u thoy must lio put as;de. Old idfils must be cast asi'jo if une nal to tho terrible exigeneies oi tliis hour. No j tnutter who they ;;ro, or howcvor idoliztXl Q tho past - tl;o coilüt! y Is at htakti - uad they must be uaaparingly swopt asido - it the leader ia not oow at t -o hoad - the rjsisüoss vreigbtit and moüiou: unís ot war will goon place him tlioro. 11' lio is r.ol r:ow bonoath epalllo:ts iio is down in tho rauks somo here. and it last ho will come to tho hoad, and ihou tho path of victory will linfui'j bofore him. [Applaiiso J (Afler-ome ■Mustratio.na dnivvu trom Crotinvcll and Lord Cline tiio sevkor ounUnue-.) I do uot pretend lo prodict tho reenll (.f this terrible war; JJut I hope for tho bust. I believo uo eau at last overeóme this uruiod rcbellion. And when this is dono o can then honorably tako up tho quention of grievancea and wroiurs, lairly consider thom, atrd on Iho safe lais ot' tho uontitittllion itiorci any rodress that j isiieo or oxpotiioiicy may require [AppUuse.] A; any rato we must do our uh il e luii nou-, doder God that ill lead UH to tho 'jost attaiiüiblo rosulr, whatover ihat may bo. That res;.lt mv bo' dl wu hope- by tho blussi.ig uf 1'imvidenco it may be alore (han wo hopo. You may reinombcr that it was the eloquent iuvooatioii ot the h-a.su of AJurshfieldj that hen ho should turn his la-t luok to thu heavens ho tnight behold oaf gloril Us flilg With no star diifimed and no stripe erased, with qo Mieh iniKerab.e inscliption a "What is all this worth? ' bul with that olhor lusci iption, "Liberty nnd Union tow uud loiover - One and Inseparable." By a resohr.e diHvharge ol ourduty, may wo not. slill In po that this shill a!s be our privilege? 'J'liat tl. o dreain ol our bolttr.' davs shall bo restored, and that wo hall aguin behold n IJmox "One and Insbpakadlk?'' [Troinundous applau.-o ] it vv s moved that tho thanl;s of the St;st e Agricultura! Society be extended to (ion. tí. V. N. Lothrop tor his able, eloquent and pialrioiic address. The inuüoii was uuani:iioily ailop'.od.