Memorial Services

The Exercises at the Presbyterian Church. Monday waa trnly a du of roourning for the American people, tor on ttiat day the mortal reinain of tue late Jumes A. Garfleld, tweniieth president of the United States, wm eftnngned to their tast rt-sting phice. It was therefore fit nul proper tliat memorial services .should hi'Ui throughoul the unión as a token of rememberauee of the illustrious dead, for be was the president of the whole poople, and the nation in his Oemiie was cailed upou to pay proper respect to his memory. Although dead, the name of James A. Garfield will live afler Mm, and with it will bc atsociated that of honest Abraham Lincoln wbose assussination only a few yean ago feil like a pall on the people of two bemispberes. Uulike Lincoln's, the dealü of Garüeld is mourned 8t the South as well as at the North; for well do the Southern people know tnat had he lived, his adminUtiution as it had been marked out. was designed to concíllate the two seclions iu happier Ijonds of oaiOB. In aecoi dance with the program ar ranged by the council and citizeus, commitiee, maiiy people trom ditfereut portions of the county ramt to the city Mon day lo witness the proeessiou and atiend the exercises. The different organizations meutionen in last week's Democuat with ouly a few exceptious, took part in the procession, whiclï moved at '2 o'ciock up Main to William Street; up Wilhum to División; up División to Madisou; up Madisonto State, clown State lo Hurou, and down lluron to the Presbyterian church where thu exeteim were held. The church was draped in raouruing, as well as the business blocks and a number of private íesiúences along the line of march. At the church the F0LL0WISÜ riiOüKAM was observcd : 1.- Organ Voluntary, Acting President Filan. t.- Music, "He, Watching over Israel, Slumbers not. nor fjtoopa." Meiulelssohn. 3.- Reading of Sèriptures and Prayer by Rev. Dr. Steele. 4.-Hymn. Servant of God, well Done : Restfrom thy loved employ; The battle fought, the victory won. Enter thy Master's joy. The voice at midnight came ; He started up to near; A mortal arrow pierced his frame ; He feil, but feit no fear. The pains of death are past ; Labor and sorrow cease ; And life's long welfare closed at last, His soul is found in peace. Servant of God. well Done: Praise be thv new employ; And. while eterna! ages run, Kest iu thy Savior's joy. 5.- Introduetory by W. D. Harriman. Cbairmau of Committee representing Common C-unciI. 6.- Address by Hon Thomas M. Cooley. :.- Musio, "Blessed are the Dead who Die in the Lord." Burk. 8.- Benediction. Judge Harriman in behalf of the citizens of Ann Arbor said : A little more than 16 years ago the people of Ann Arbor assembled within these walls and listened to eloquent and noble words from lips now silent ie death, upon the occasion of the funeral of Abraham Lincoln. To day the people of Ann Arbor assemble iu the same place, under nearly the same circumsUinces, surround ed by the same emblems of mourning and sorrow. upon the occasion of the funeral of one of Abraham Lincoln's successors- slain like Lincoln by the bullet of an assassin. These two terrible events. occurring un. der the absolute government of God, would seem inscrutible were not the human race educated, exalted, saved by the death of its true héroes, as well as by their Uves. Through the death of president Garfield the heartsof all civilized peoples throutchout the circle of the globe have been softened - melted into brotherhood and sympathy. The English Queen, representative of one-sixth of the human race, hus sent a beautiful token of lier sorrow. A message of touching pathos comes from the head of that great churoh wuicb for 18 centuries, with inspired wisdom and dignity, has borne aloft through every vicissitude , the unchanging standard of its faitb. The Germán Emperor, the Czar of all the Russias, and the Cahph of the Mohammedan world,by expressions of sorrow and condolence, have shown that the innumerable millions which they represent, are touched alike by the sentiments of a common humanity . To us Americans the death of president Garfield seems a personal loss. He was our chief magistrate. He was slain, not for any evil he had done, not for any unjust, unkind or cruel act he had committed, not for any fault of his owu, but because he was our representative, The great neart of the American people feels to-day that this just. generous, kind and innocent man was slain because the people had chosen him as their chitf magistrate, and so all differences of sect are forgotten- the voices of party are silent - the east and the west are rivals no more - the north and the south. with returninsr, and let us hope with Iheir ancient affection, are united again - at the thought of this common loss and in the presence of this supreme sorrow. To give public expression to sentiments which we all feel, the Common Council of the city instituted these observances to.day. in which all classes of ourcitizens dettred the privilege of taking a part. The Common Council of the city, pr jmpted by a genuine christian spirit, deemed this occasion too large to be monopolized or manipulated by any party or any sect. And uoon the request of the committee of arrangements, an eminent citizen of national reputation, will speak upon " the character of president Garfield - the struggles and triumphs of bis life, and the lessons of his tmgie death. JIDGK COOLEY'S ADDRi The following is an abstract of Judge Cooley 's memorial address: To-day a nation is in mourning. A ruler has fallen; but it is not alone beeause he was a ruler that all men wire benrinx upou their hearts this weighty grief, ilany rulers had fallen in oue day for whom no one mourned, and who, if rerr.embered now, are in mind only to be execrated and deapiaed. Hut in tlie death of James A. Garfield there are all the 'jns for sorrow which can exist in any case when the Chief Magistrate of a great people is taken away. A combination of circumstances made his life peculiarly preeiousto the people. When the life of the nation was threatened he put his own life at risk for his country, and was among the foremost in the field in the ■'. His fellow citizens soou called him away to other fields, for which his acquirements and his natural powers and ustesmore peculiarly adapted him. Iu the army, bowever, he made a gallant rd, and at the opening of the year, as chief of staff of the army of the ('umbirland, performed services in the bloody tod desperate struggle of Chickainauga which won for him the praise alike of the venturesome Hosecranz, and jf the b.ave and solid Thomas. To uiidtrsiand the era and the part which n blatory Garfield will have, it will be neoeaaary to glance rapidly at the liistorv of the :ountry, and then bring before us for some brief notice the personality of the man, whose virtues we commemora'.e and whose death we mourn. The history of the people is marked by distinct epochs-, ia cach of which grea't taikl seem to have been assigned to minds whieh proved eqoal to their occasions, and performed the work grandly and to the admiration and ddvantage of mankind. The first was the epoch of colonization. when ucw statea were planled by fearleea and earneet men. who broke away from the traditions and superstitions ol the old world and subdued thu w ildeine.ss for the yrowth of free thotight and free nstituiona u atete and ia church. The second ie epoch of indepoiider.ee, when tlie lianty colonists, who had erecteé Btructures of free governraênt in deferential su'jmission to tbe British crown, took up arms in their defeuse when the crown threatened thein. and aller long eudurauce of suffering und privution, severed completeiy and forever the connection which had ceased to be compatible wilh [iberty and honor, üf this epoch, Washington is the central ligureaud rouau liiin gathers a galaxy o héroes and fctatesmen who theu chalienged lbo adunratiou of the world for their wisjoni and worth, aud courage, and have grawil greater in the regard of mankind ever siiice. The third epoch is that in whieh Federal instltutions were established and COflsolidated. It occupied tiflv years of time and is divided into two periods, the period of formatiou with Hamiitoii aiid Maii ison as the principal tiguies, and the periodof trial whieh culmmatetl in the judicial inlerpretation of Federal powera by Karshal, and the lucid and majestic cxpoeilion of tbe Coustitution by Daniel Webster. The fourth epodb came as logicall; aa the others, thouffh few had the wisdom to foresee it. This was the epoch iB whieh siavery gmppled with the uatiou for matery, aud was trampled into the dust uuder the feet of Cunteuding anim. . James A. Gartield A'as boni toward tbe close of the third epoch in our couutry's history when nulütication was rampant, but itceased to be feared before he had learued to formúlate sentences, aad ni oulv remembered afteiwards as apolitieal heresy whieh had been effectoaUy condemued aud crushed. The new epoch of -avery ant .■ignnisni had not opened, but low murmuriuys of conflict were beginning to be heard, espeeially in New Ëng. land. Garfield was not bom in New Eugland, but was of New Englasd descent. He fitst aaw lifeiaOhioon the Western Reserve, on territory doublj' consecrated to freedimi, fint hy the immortal ordin aaoe of 1797, and again by the lioertyloving sentiments of its New England popuiaüon. It was a new Connecticut in the wilderiiess. Here Chase found bis best aud most efficiënt upi)ott; liere Giddiugs hurled his invective al a ,-ystem he hated. In Mr. Garlield's l'Jth year the fugiüve slave law was revived . ühio, from its location, was necessarily crossed by fuiri ti vis attemptiug escape, aud in the vigor ous pilase for Iheir capture Ohio becauie a huutiug grouud lor humau beiags. Aloug the southeiu border the huutei found plenty of a.?sUtuuee, but on the free reserve it was olberwise, ud it somelimes happened thal the hunleis were as much huuted as their game. We have no record that Gaiüeld in hi= yoath ua brought pemonallv into contact with thi system, but we have abuudaiit kuowledge that he was fully in gympathy with tbe people of his section, aud the personal circumstances were such as to reuder Lhia almost inevitable. Born in poverty and compelled to struggle for the means of mental training, the man was brought into intímate sympathy with the great mass of the people. üig poverty was uu impediment to the ucquisuion of a edueatioa aud his thoughtfu! babitt attaiuments made him in a high aiui jast sense a schuiarly man. No maa who aas U&tened '.i or read Lis speeches can for a moment doubt that iie had a geuius for govtrument wkieh must at one time or auother liunch bim on liie field of practical politics, Before me war he had entered Ihe Ohio legiulature and was taking a leading jiart in ihe great discussions of the period. It U not likely that Garrield rushed into war with the iilacnty which many exhibitad longed for military laurels, it u.i= in his nature to move BODMWhat Tuggihly iu important matters, aud what cou more important than lo take up even ponuily lite learlul buaineas oí wa He took üis ttat in eoogress iu December. lüü, and irom tlien uutii the eleetion of 1880 lie M ;i eunspicuous figure :. ttonal cuuDcits, aud iufluenced, as lew others diü, their resulta. But it is time to turu our atteuliou to tbe tiïth epoch, iu wkicfa H was Urvcutiy hoped Mr. Gartield weald perform conspicuous service. Kvery ave is lik bringiato existence, uuooserved, Ifai which its micceasor must grapple witU. In the epoeh of coustiiutiuu.il seltiemeut, slavery becaine porlentoua of dunger, before uullincatiou was wholly UUpuscil of. Aud iu the same penod, too, lúe c-juutry wituessed the begmainga of a ucw danger which was far more ïusidious ttmn the other, and if not so directly menacing, was better calculated lo updermine the uational strength and nationtü u. The final blow to nullitication is credited to Audrew JacitBon, but Jackson, iu souie important particulars, was out oí place at tht head of the natioual government. It was easy and natural tor such a man as he to transplant into civil Ufe the ideas and maxims which had had their growth iu the military. The Xcw York Seuator who, in a speech iu the señale, advauced the doctriue tuit "To the victors, belong the spoils of offict," only spoke the thouj;hts that before were iu the iniud of this military presiJcut. Cpoa this subject the speaker dwelt al leu'tt], exposïug the fallacy of the gentiment Au ofüce was a public trust, created because the needs of goverument required it; wholly for public reasous, and uut for the benefit of the persou who uiay be the iucumbeut. Tle consequent mischiei wm found in the abuse of political ideas, iu the conversión of public trusts iuto a species of private interests. i:; the concealment of frauds, in the BubstitUÜOQ as reasous for public appointmeuts, cousideratious which have uocouceru with the honesty. capability aud tideüty which are the tests of tituess, and in this, that the syatem has brought into existente a most pernicious classof meu, who make politics their trade, who are commouly without political couvictiuu and v. principies weie so'forcibly iinikat-d by John Ilatidolph, as bt'inf; seveu iu uumber - tive loaves and two tiForover twenty yuan the cuuntn been looking and looking agaiost Hope for somethini; purer and better. In.Jui; Garfiekl the country Irusted for i bcgiu uiug iu elücieut and radical reform. ili congressional career had been Uuuorable aud manly.and his meisurts, his speeches aud hls votes all indicaled the couscientious and thoughtful stal alier than the manager of political maehioery and conventiuus. l'he manner ol nomination had somelhing about it of good angury. The characters of the dead ate a legacy to us, neither for abuse ur fulsome praises, but for the lesso:is a correct estímate of them m:ij brinj: us 11 is doing no injuslice to Jlr. Qarfleld t say that bia letter accepiing the norjainatioa md that his inaugural, feil somewiiat shore of espectatiou, and thut lue must conspicuoua ap pointment in the civil service waa upon a removal that cuulil nol le justified by public reasous. Tbe public iniud, bowever, apolog for short-comings, fur they Raid, aud justly said, that this is m evii whicb üecome interwoven with the very hfe u.' our institu'.ions, aud it is lo be eñuüeated only by slow aud cautious steps. Tue iriüfi refoimer movts sluwly and is cautious nut tocourt reaction by presshig in faster thau public sentiment can fullow. The conslitutioiial tempeiauieut ui field was also uch as wuuld be flowly moved to aggressive actiou, but this haai its advaDtage, for it woulti make every forward step he did take a permanent aud certain raiu. But the chief reliance of tin: people was based upon their confldenoo in him as a man. His heart, ihey believed, wm right aud all its promptinga wouM be pat riotic and just. We would, therefore, seek to link his name with great and useful ine-.isures of governmeut, such as would make bis administralion COOSicuous and respected. Tbe circumf ta of the country were such that it ilikely auy other subject of tqual i:i tance and interest will deinüiul tiie attcntion of government. and what was fortúnate ia Mr. (ai1 - as tliat tile Cunfidence in him was sliared by d!l part'usand in all sections of the country. This was appreciated mure diatiuctly afterhehai'. been struck with Ua mortal wjiind, than ever befóte. Ia the shock of that graat crime the passious of parÜwwcre hulic(! ; party Unes seented to be obliterated and the animosity of sections dlsappéared altogether. Tfaere rap tbat in ír. Garfield's death which inakes hira tbe represen tut i ve and tnartyr of nu initiated relorni as truly as Mr. Lincoln waa the repreaentative aud maityr of the cause of imtional uuity. The assigned cause for wimtnatioii was tbat lic refused t" recognise speraonal claim to a public office. The doctrine or sentiment that could lead even a weuk miud to beiieve in the risrhtfulnessof such claim, must stand forevir liranded M infamous iu the light of such a result. And it is our busines.-, in this epoch of our couutry's history, as citizens who love our couutry, or partiaaM who admired the niartyr president, or men who believe in truth and justice, und hate fraud, oppression and w ronji, to take up the bamier of reform where for the moment t has fallen, iiud foilovv it with unceasing deteruiination and energy unlil the civil service of the country shall be restored to ïtspiimitive uiiity. NU just cause will fail whose banner, consecratei' m blood, is borne aloft on the courage of ita supporter. Aud whoever now shall niake ttie event we mourn the occasion for pledging his earnest en deavors to the retormation of abuses in governmeot, will tbereby best show his devoÜOD to the meniorv of the failhful patriot, the profound slatesmau, the unsullied leader, the orator without pretensión, the Chri.,tian without bigotry, the man we love, the president we revereuce aud mourn.