The City Of Garfield

Garfleld, Pa., which ia now the most important place in the oil regiems, has grown to its present status in a period of timB covering not more than six weeks; It is situated on a sinall plateau at an elevation of 2,000 f eet above the sea, and is entirely surrounded by dense forests of hemlock. These foresta are mostly owned by wealthy lumber dealers,, who also opérate large tanneries. Therje are about 100,000 acres of this land, and it is subdivided into smaller tracts and worked for the hemloek bark, which is mostly gathered by Danés anú Swedes. In a ravine a few rofis in the reax of Garfleld is now the I famous Mystery or "646" oil well, surrounded by the other "gushers," from each of which oil is now flowing at the rate of from 1,000 to 2,000 barrels a day. As oil speculation is conducted by the bulls and bears, a considerable margin is necessarily allowed on the reported production of these wells aome of whi'eh, it is claiuaed, produce 3,000 barrels .each of a day. The land in the vicinity of the wells, which was bought some years ago at eighteen cents an acre, is now selling or $1,000 an acre and onequarter roylty on the oil found. The Danes and wedes, who were cultivating some of lie land. were, of course, decieved by :ie sharp speculators, and parted with aeir holdings after oil was struck at ne-tenth of their present value. jand whieh was purchased a few weeks ago from these unsophisticated 'oreighers for less thaii $100 an acre, s now being sold at $25 per square 'oot for town lots, the purchaser bindng himself not to sink oil wells upou Although Garfleld is not yet a month ld and has assumed its title without ven the dignity of a postoffice desigation, it has all the characteristics of live town. There is a very fair hotel el, capable of accoraodating 150 guests which is constantly overcrowded, perons coming in the morning and goiug way at night because unable to get a ilace to sleep. There is oue teleüraph line and another building, a telefone office, furniture, hardware, groeries and other stores, restaurante, everal barber shops and the like. The juildings are all made of rough pine r hemloek boards. Man y hare no 'ronts, the owners oceupying them for usiness purposes as soon as closed in n their sides and back. ïiumerous stakes driven into the (round bear signs such as the followng; "Jones & Co. will occupy this place ext week as a first-class dry goods ;ore." Hanging on the limb of a tree s a sign, "palace barber shop," and uner the trees are three barber chaira with three "tonsorial artista," as they ;yle theinselves, hard at work, and everal men sitting on a log awaiting ie sound of "next." Under a big tent s a beer-bottling establishment, and ther business enterprises are conductd in a like manner. When night comes n men may be sleeping under wagons, ents, and all places affording shelter. Jerfect order prevails, and a disorderly cene Is seldom witnessed. This is the most wonderf ui, and probbly the richest, deposit of oil, ever disovered. Froni the time oil was first truck in a well in this country, in August, 1859, up to the opening of the first well in this district on May 28, only 30 wells were found that yielded over 1,000 barrels each per day, yet there have been found at Garfield, within a few weeks, almost half that number of wells of like magnitude. Xot. a well has yet been opened there that does not flow over 1,000 barrels a day, and some have produced twiee that quantity. A number have been drilled down to the tand, where the oil is found, and then plugged, so that the oil cannot flov, and ure still in that condition, awaiting the erection of tankage and pipes to conduct the oil away. The discovery cf tliis new field has had a wonderfully depressing effect on the old flelds.Tlie great Bradford field, where 13,000 wells have been drilled, and where hundreds wers under way a short time ago, now has less than thrce dozen going down. In the Allegliany. field, where last month were 250 drilling wells, now there are less than 94, work having ceased on the remainder. In the Cherry Grove district, which is the name of this new field, in which six weeks ago there was only one weli, ,here are 161 in progress, and the uumjer is only limited by the inability to get the necessary material to begin work on ethers. There were in the entiro oil regions 108 fewer wells completed in June than in May, but the production increased 4,101 barrels a day, owing to the magnitude of the new wells about Garfield.