Democratic

The folio wing extract f rom a speech by Senator Vanee, of Nor'Ji Carolina, applies wiih equal forcé lo tho, vvheat and corn grower, the wool and eattle raiser of the North as to the cotton planter of the South. The farmer of Michigan can ni ikn Ui" on lo hi: own case: That il helps i man to tax him for the pocket of another m uj ia a New England propoBitlon t!i;il needa "pro tection" very badly. ïake, for instance, the nottou-plaater in the North. That great industry- I fear to cali it an " American industry'' - furnished last year $211,535,005 tov.ird the afcgregate of our forelgn trade, almost ten ütnes the amount furnished hy md steel, and more (ban a'.l the manufacture'! producís combined. Yet ti'.e Iron and steel manufacturera get their raw maie'.ials ïnostly and their labor all J"n?e, and Uit ii proel iicts aro protected by u duty ranging from thirty-flveto Í80 percent. IIow is it witb the cotton-grower? in the ürst place he pays all the taxes. state and national, that all other citizeiiá are reiuiit:d to pay. When he start3 out in the spring to piten nis erop, on üis plow he pays üf ty per cent. ad valorem ; his trace-chains to pull the plow, tvvo and a-balL cents per pound ; on bis wagon, harrow, and othsr irous, iifty per cent. on bis jack-knife, flfty per cent. ; on the square by which he measure3 his work, six cents per pound aud thirty per cent. ad valorem; on his nies and rasp3 ; ten cents per pound and thirty per cent.; on his saw, eight and abalf cents and thirty per cent; tas his ax, forty per cent; for the iron hoops which inciose his bale of cotton when made, one and ahalf cents per pound ; for his hammer, two and a-half cents per pound; his wrought nails, two and a-half cents per pound; his cut nails, one ana a-half cents per pound; his horse-shoe nail?, (ive cents per pound; his tacks and sprigs, two and a-half cents per thousanel ; for wood screws, froai eigbt to eleven ccnt3 par pound ; for cast-iron hinges for his dooi-, two and a-);alf centa per pouuü ; on nis wite s sau-non, one and a-lialf cents per pound ; on his cross-eut saw, ten cents per foot. All this, averaglng néarly 100 per cent., he pays to tho I'ennsylvania iron and steel manufacturera, not to the government. On the bagging t'or his colton bales, ho paya two cents por yard; on his cotton shirt, five cents per yard and ten per cent; on his wil' e's calicó dress, live cen's anü a half par yard and twenty percent; on lier spool thread, half a cent each and thirty per cent; on the comraon stonevvaie of hia table, tweuty íi ve per cent ; on his school-boy's slate-penoil, forty percent; onhisghv s tumblers, forty per cent; on his sugar umi nA!nL"(3fla firtv.ninö i'.oi oil1"; fn hia coarso blanketa, about ninetylive : per ceut ; on his wool hat and flannel shirt, about the same; on his wife'3 shawl, flfty cents per pouud and thirtyflve per cent, (over 100 percent;) on hi3 bórax, ten cents per pound ; his clock, tbirtyllve percent; his wife's camphor, üve cents per pound ; her gloves, fifty per cent. ; hi3 grindstone, one ceut per pouud; powder, six cents per pouud aud twenty per cent. ; suspendéis, thirty-íive percent.; rubber boots for bad weather, thirLy per cent. ; his leather, twenty -uva per ceut.; his kerosene oil, forty cents per gallon. In sickness bis morphia is taxed $1 per ouace; castor oil, $1 per gallon, and his opium $i per pound. Even on his fruit treea and his garden and agricultural seed3 he is taxed twenty per cent. ad valorem. Nearly all of this goe3 into the pockets of the manufacturera, who claim that the planter's prosperity is incieased by this seaiching taxution. Nothing is free to hitu. Nothing escapes this all-perv?.ding, inevitable protectivetariff- certain asdeath, hungry as the grave, un.satisfiable as t!ie sea. From the timo he sees the light until that light "a quenched in the etijraal daikness the Souihern planter knuws no untaxed hour or untaxed thing. He is enveloped in taxation, soaked, steeped and saturated in it, aud vet his product alono exceeds by far in value the combined producís of all the proteeted manufactories of the United States in the list of foreign exporte, which are the chief source of our national v.'ealth. And y.et this poor, deluded man, the cotton-planter, is inünitely bentütted by this enormous taxation, if he or.ly kuew it; In some inysterious way, known only to the esoteric disciples of protection, the more rnoney e pays to the manufacturer for the necessities of his occupation the mora rich he becomes! What a blessed thing is proteelive taxation that thus gives and receives wealth ! The protected man undoubtedly gets rich, as his palaces and summer seats testify. The planter uadoubtedly gets rich, says the Senator, notwithsianding hid comfortless home and hard-run surroundings teil a different tale. Examming the "Books. " ree Press. Speaking of the "books" and GoverD'r Jerome's pretended desire to have thetn looked over recalls a bit of State nistory and a time when the llepublican Governor cf the State was 'fax less auxious than he should have boen to iave the "books" examine.!. The timo was 1S72 and the 1!booiis" iu which the peoplo wero spscially interested were those of the State Land Ofiice. "Crookednesa" in the office had long been suspccled and talked of, but no official actiou had been taken in the matter. Under the Constitution (art XII., sec. 8) the Governor had f uil power and it W83 made lus duty to "exatnine into the coridition and admistratiou of any public ofiice and the acts of auy public officer, eleotiveor appointed and to remove froi-n office for grossnegiect of duty or for corrupt conduct in üffice or any otlier misfeasanea orrnalfeasance therein:'either of certain State officeis, aiuorig whom was tlie Co-Dmissioner of the Land Odico. Govenior Baldwin, however, made uo examination into the condition of the Land Offlee or the acts of the Land Comrnissioner. On the lSth of Marcb, 1872 the Lagislature carne together in spesial session, and on the 2d of the same month a memorial of citizens of the State was received in the House of Representativos praying for the impeachment of Comuiissioner Edmonds of the Land Office. Th memorial was referred to a committee which reported on the 27th in favor of impeachmeut, and resolution was adopted on the following day by a vote of 79 to 5. On the 29th of March the governor recommended the passage of a bilí reenlati'ng thfi trial of irnpeaehtnents, and such a bilí was passed on lbo same day by both branches of the Legislatura As originally draw tho bill contained i. provisión that "every oñicer impeached shall,-by t!ie governor, be suspended in the exercise of his oflice until liis acquital," but, pending discussion oL the bill, word was Bent by high authority to certain of the senators and governor woukl not sign the bill i:nless Uit; word "may1' were Mibst ituted for "ahall" in the olause referred to, leaviug it discrelionary with him whether to suspend or nof. As there was do tinae to lose l.he change vvas made and che bill passed m the amended form with "may" substiluted for "sliall." Aftei adjourament, the seiiate, on April 17, organized as a court of itnpeaehmenfc and adjourned until the SOth, at which time the trial actually began. But during all thla timo the iccuaed had in his possession and under his personal control all the bppís, papers, map3, clieeks, vouchers, etc, which wera to be used against him on his trial by the managers of the impeachrnent. Kotwithstanding t!ie disciütion vested in him by the act, the uoveruor wholly neglected to suspend Edmonds just as he had wholly negleeted bef ore the impeachment to examine into Edmonds' official couduct. How far Edmonds made use oí1 the opportuuity thus given him toarrange his Looks for the Impeachment trail it cannct benecessary now to inquire. We rec;ill tho history of the transaction to s!ov what the diffleultiea are in ge'.ting auy such f xamination of the books as Govcrnor Jeroma professesto invite while taey are under coa trol of State cfücers, p'edged by party tradition to stand by each other 1b covering up iinything "erooked." Ilere was a case where tha Governor's ttteution was specially directed to the ntceasity for an exatoination which the Constitutiou required him to make. Had it beon made it would pobably have eci me oiaie severai uiuusuuua ui uuilars in addition to the cost cf the impeachment proceediugs, which might have been rendered unnecessary. But Governor and Land Commissioner be!onged to the same party, and the examination was not made. There is not the slightest ïeason tobelieve that any diñ'erent course would bu pursued now if a similar case were to arise. Theio will be no real opportunity to examine the books uiitil thero is a radical chauge in administration.