To the Sena-e and House of Koprcaentativ...

To the Sena-e and House of Koprcaentatives: The repurts of the sovoral executiv departnients. which wiU be laid before Congr s in the usual course, will exhibit in detail thO opera t ion h of tho OoTSnuneni for the last fiscal yt ar. Only he more iniporiant incident and resulta, and ohiüfly sueh a inny be tlif f o nriation of tho reconimendations 1 shall Bubinit, will be md to in this animal message. vast and inere.asing busineaB of tho GovEtijE1 nt has 1 i'ii t ittisiwU'd by the eeveraldt)parunenti daring year witb aithfuluesB Onergy aud succohs. The rovenu's, auoun Ing to above four hundred and ft ft y inilhon dollars. have been collocted acd disburned without reveallne, so lar as I can aacci tain, a single cas of defalcation or embezzItMiM'irt. n earnest effort hu been made to atín ulate a senae o' roBpouBihiliiy and pu'lic duty in all offloers and employt'8 of every grale, and the work do o bj tliftii naa abnost bolly t soapéd unfavorable criticitin. 1 spiak of these mattera wlth freedoiD, b6oaQ80 i i ii' ti 'dit if tliis good work is not ïiiluu, but is sliaxfid by tho heads o the ■ departxnentfl wlth the greal bed; o' íuíthfu) omoora a td employés Mho serve ouder them. Theoloaeet scratiny of Con r ( t aU inethoda of ailniinistrtiou and o tfTOTy Ites oí expendli The írú-ndiv rola Ion of onrootCDtry uith thnatioDa of &arop aau ihe I!ast bave 1 1 diamrbed, whiie the titBOf ï 1 1 audeoa liion interest lui. bind i;h tt tbe Sla h of tht western hen iiH'h ire have been notably a r -nutb ened by ti.e c nieren e beid i tilia capí a to consider zneasure - fur tli general we far. msuata to tli' 'ïniiKli u au horl ed by o tho al i vu ci every indepezx nut t;it of the Au iei !.! n i uuiiiu nt ami of Hayti u et in confereiie' In ibis a i al in Oc ober. lMöi and conti uufd in eeasion ir il tbt. 19th of lust April. TbiH bnponani oouvooation marka a most Interestii-g and nfiueo tal ew oh h, ;h . i-, ory 1 i the m Bttrn humispbere. lt ih noioworthy tha }iia.il, inviu-d tulfí nnder an Imperial lonn of govtrnment. a artxl as a Hcpublic in tho doJiberatlouB and reuní nf Ihe oonferenos Th recoiniucii' ftiinns (f tina conference neie all transinitted 10 (' he last Bession. Iüvors 1 ni jfu Havi er Theconimi.ni:all nöof the 1 s. MiuisU'i have bruugbt imo vi-w the fl oole : u et of oui COuvt-ntioual relatioin ith lus couutry, and & the eame ime ihis (lovei-nnuni , t. rongb llfc lega. ion at 1' kin, bas sought 10 an auge vari ou8 niatUTH ana oontulalnta tonohlug ihu IntereB-8 and pro'tH tion of our citi.eiiH 111 China. In pursiianoe of tho cmi-urrcnt res -h.tion o Oct. 1, 18VK), 1 have i ropo.ned to the Governznente of M-xico and ruat HriLft.ti to con -ider a convdntional negnlatlon of the passage oí Chinese labon r aorosi our 8outh.rn and Burihcrn Iioutir8. n the l2'M day of Aig.Bt last Sir Edimmd Mousou, the arbltrator, b 1 ctel nnder tbo treaty of Jeceuiber, 18ri8, renderd an award to thü effect tb at 110 co.. penaal i m was due from tbe Iani8u Goveriiin(-nt to the Uiii ed States on account of what comnioxily kuown as the Carlos Butterfi.-ld claim. Uur rila ioiie wlth the French repnblic continue to be eutiely cordial. Our repreaentaiivu at that cour. has very dlllgently urged .be reluoval or' the restictione placed pon our mea producís, and U is believed tbat substantial progresa has boen inade toward a just eeLtleIiient The Eamoan treaty, eigned last year at BerHn by tbe rei rebentativt-B ' the United Otates, ermuuy and Qraat Uriain, aTlr duo rH-tification and exchanRo, lias begun to product s.ilutar t'fXects. The. formatiou of tbe gov rnxnent agretnl opon will toon rei'lace tho disorder of the past bv a s ablo admlnistration, alike just to thu nativos and eg uitable to the three powers most concern -d in trade and iulercourHe with the Samoan Ialands. The ('hief Justice bas bee. chosen by the Kiug of S weden and Norway on the iini il ion of the tbr et; pOwerB, and V.Í11 Boon be installed. Tbe Land Comnaission and the Municipal Councii are in procesd of organization. A rational and evenly distributed Bcbt me of taxation, botb municipal and upon importB, is in operation. Malietoa is respected as king. The now treaty of extradition with Great Britain, afíer due ratiñcatlon, was prclaimed Ón the 2tb of last March. lts beneñceut workIng 1h alroady apparent. The iSeal Question. The difiVronce bet ween tho two governnaenta touohing tho fur seal queation in tbe Behring pe& is noi vet adjunted, as will be s on bj the correspomlonco which will soon be Isiid bvíore Lonress. 'I he offer to eubniit the qucBtiofi to arbitratioi., tis proposed by her Majr-Bty's Governnient, ha not beon accepted, for the reason that thö forui of eubniissioii propod d ü not ihougbi to be t cüonlatod to assure e conclusión atisíact rv to eitber party. Il i sincerely boped ttm;-'ieforu the opening of another sealiug wfl arrangement niay l,e effected Vhich v il; üssu'6 to the United States a proprty rlght, derived írom Eusaia, whioh wae uot flÍBreyail i by any uation for more Uiau eighty yeaie pree duig tbe outbreak oí tbo existing trouble. 1 In the tarifif act a wrong waa done t' tbe Kingdom of líitwftii which I ain bonnd to proauxne vas iiintional. Dutlea wer6 levled pn certHJn cominoditles which are í'.cludedin the reclproolty a; y uow azletlng botween the TJnited Btotea and I üe Kingdom of ïlawaii, without atiug nectssary exceptinn in favor of that B ':pe ('on-'rt'ss will repair what might otbt-rwiBe Boem to be a breaob of faitb on tbe pari of tbi-i Government. An award in favor of the United ! tatea in the ciatter oí tb 1 1 lalm of Mr. Vd Bohki 1 d againet Hayti wii rendered on the4thof Deoomber. 1888, put ow In ■ . I sordera theu and afterward preVaiUng iu ]í4,yii, the termaof p&ymenl v ore not bservefl. A new agreement aa to tlic time of jiaymcnt haa leon approved and in uow in forte. O er juut claims of dtlzena -t the United Btatos for redress of wxonge i-utïered during thi late jiolitical conflict in Jinyti wflL it 1b hop h!. ii.ilily yinld to fxiendly ii a ment. Proposin uk fr theamnduient of tbe trtiaty pf D bttween the United States and Italy aro no ' under consideratiou. Yoïi n il to provide tb ■ nieana of ac epting the n-italion of tbe Itallin Govern; neni i in an appr ■ -rence o coiifii'i; be adoption f a aniverrsJ prime ; ueridiau -ro i which to reckoi 1 DgltuaeflOld lme. As Lhifl prop Bal folio raokof he roforii -ought Lo be initiated y the merldt an coijfc ■: :ce ut Washington, held on ihe inviMition of "i ; ioveriiment, tbe Unlttd StateB Í'bould dm :ifo8t a friendly interest in the Italan prul-t In tbia ( imec'.ion I may refer wil h pproval ,to tbo e ug ;eBtiOD of my predecessorB that Itandin:; j'.uvision be made for acet-; tlnff, wbonver deemod advisable, the frequent i .ritations pi forolgn ; cv'-riiments to share iu conference? looking to tho advancement of international reforme in regard to Bclence, saiiitation, comineroitil luw, and procedure, ani other matters ftffectlng the interoourseand progreöu of modern communiii ■ -. _____ 'i lie !ort(Hfuese Incident. ' In the Bummer of 1889 an Incident occurred vnicb for n e tiinctlireatenedtoi? ü rrupt the ordiality (: our r lationa witb tbo iiovirnmect Of Portugal, 'ihat Uovernmnt Beized the DelÉigoa Hay Rallway, which was oonstructed under ft, concefibi 'a yrantfd to an AmeriooS citizen, and at toe game time anoulled the charter. The concesBionary, v. ho had emtarked hie fortune in the enterprise, havlng exl austed other mean of redress, Vas cGin;.flIi:d to invoke the prnttction of nii GoverunitJii. Onr represe tations, made Oüincldiiitly vith those of tbe Brusfiels Governiuent, wbusu subjectB vore also largely Ínterésted, bapi)ily rtaulted in tbe recognition by Portugal of theproprietyof eubmittiugtheolaln] tot fndemnlty growing out of !t aotlon to arbt I tr&tlon. Thia plan of settlement heving been afreed apon, the interestcd powers readily oonourred in the proposal to submlt the case to the judgment of three eminent jurista, to be deaignated by the President of the Swiss Kopublio, whot upon the joint invitation of the Governments of the Uuited States, Qreat Britaln, and Portugal, has aoloctod persons wellqualifled for the tank 1 e thrm. The revisión of our treaty relations wlth the Empire of Japan haa oontinued to be the subject of conaideiation and of correspondonce. The quoationB in volved are both grave and delicate; and, hiloitwill be my duty to see that the intíTi'Kis at the l'i i el stiit are not byany changeK exposod t' undue dlscrlmlnatfon, 1 mhcerely hoie tbat such revisión aa will t;a ify tho i'giLiinate expectatione of the Japan se Government, nnd niaintain the pr sent umi lonc wdsting friendly relations between 'a: an and the Unicil States, will be ertVeted. The frinndshlpbotwoon our oauntry and Mex ico, b rn o? close neighborhood ana stro-'Sthened by mauy considerations ui innnia i: ■ courso anl redjdrooal toterest, ha nevrt1 boii more confipiiuioiis thaii DOW, HOZ Uioxe hop" tol of incroa ei ïont fit to both na (ons. 1 he inter ooonfl of Uw two eoontrlee ly rail, abready great, is makintf constant grov tb. . The eáiablii-h'-d liuefl anl thoee re -m! 1_ projectï ai!d to the intiniHi-y of trafflo and open dov chamn'lH tf aooosa to ir bh ardas oí domainl atid oapply. 'Ihe ini]Krtnn e o Mexioan raUway syatsm will bo furihcr orihancod to a degreo aJmost tmpoaaible U cast, if it should me a link in the pro int rcon'luontal railway. 1 recomujend 'litii our miasiou iu the City of Mexico te raistxl to the iirsi clasa. GOOd I rii-tuls wlth Spain. Tho cordial tharacter of our rolatione w Ith Bpain warrants the hope that by thr) continuance of methode of iriend!y uegotiation itiucb niay b; accoaipIisJieil in tbc dirtttion o an dj ufitiuent of neïing qnesüona and c Ihe increatie of our trado. Tho extt'nt aDd dt relopme&t oí oui ) rade wlth ti" Island of i uba Enveel Üw commercial relations of the Unüel bt%tos i Bpaio witb a peooU&r tmp. r aooo, il Is oot developed tbat a speoial arrangement iu regard lo oommeroe I apoo üjo reoiproottT pxorisloD f the recent tariiï aot. would oj-emie n:o-;t bt-ncflcially for botfa g' verm i i fiits. This subject ia now reOttlvlng at ention. Tho reetoratlon of the reznalna of John Briol -ton to SwoiU'ii uli-uli .i a gratifylng OO a tlon to h mor the memory of the great inve . i - hose genius our country uwes so mtteh, and Lo to hv tinbroken rlendshlp whlob nae eadated between the land bich bore htzki nd ourown, whiuh cluiined iuru as a citizen. Our Consular ervice. On the e oond of Septembwr last tho coin uission aiipointed to revise the proceodingB of the oonimisaion ander the oíanos conven don bot ween the Unl 'd Sta -a and Venezuela ■f 1ha, broughl Lts lab tewithlnthe periotl ftxed for that pur pose. The pro iogö of the lnt commlsRion wexe oharsveterized by a spirit of impartlaU y and a high B6n8e of meti'-o, and an incident wnioh was tor many yi ar-, be subject o dlsousflton betneen the two ed of in a manner Klik ■ honorable and sal i - actory to both parties. tor tlio seUlomeí.t oí the claim of tbe Venezuela Steain Tran i pany, which vaa the sub eet o." a jo ut reEoluuon adopted at tho larti e ssl 'ii of Congross, níotiationa are still iu progresa, and tneir e&rly conclusión is anI icipt! '1 u-ginlation of the past few years has 'vincvil on the part of Congress a growi' g reaii, atioii of the importance of the consular aervice in foaiering our commeroiail relations abroad aul In probocl big the domeatlfl rt-veuues. Ah the aoope of operatlone expande, inc.:' lïrovisiou must bc n;ade to keep up the es sentí ui standard oí efficiency. The neoessicy of some adequate measure of super.vision and inspeocion has been so of ten prea niedtbai 1 need only coimueud tbe subject to your aLtention. : he Counlry's Vina cos-Heoeipts and Expenditures. Tho revenuen of the (ïovernmert from alJ sources lor the fiscal year ending June 30, lti&O, v ei-e $43,003,090.55. and the total expextditufes for Uw Mme ]■ rlod wore J?'i38,6l8,$84.09. 'J 'ho pon tal ruceipts havo not heretof ore b uen incl uded iu the s : af enient of these nggre ut es, aud for tho purpose of compar'son the suni of $60,8!í2,097.tt shoul i bêdeduo ed from both sides of the account. burplus tor the year, inoludlng the auiou'.t applied to ihe sinking fund, was $10ö,344,406.03. The receipts for 1890 were $10,030,923.7U, and tho t?xpenli tures 41 , 789,871 in excess of tbose of 1889. The customs receipte increa ed $5 83;,fcW2.iS. aud the receiptfl froiu iuternnl revenue $11, 72, 1-H.80, while, on the side of expeiidit urea, that for pensions vas llJ,31-2,076.96 inexoeBd of the precedin yoar. The Treasury statement for the current fiscal vear, partly actual and partly estiiuated, in as follows: lUiceipts from all sources, L KM, 000, 000; total expenditun'H, .-30 í, 0J0, 000, leaving a surplus of $52,0, 000- not taking the postal re ceipts i uto account on elther side. The loss of revenuO from cuntonib for the last quarter ie estimaUd at L2j,0j0,0U), but from thïg is deducted a gain oí about 816.000,000, realized during the firet four months of the year. For the y n r 18BS, the local estimatd receiptB are - , w, 0 ', and the estimated expendttures $357.&2.&f9. J2, leaving an estimated surplus of $15,147, 7tW. 58, which, with a caah balance of $52,0 0,000 ai the boginuing of the year, will give 967,147790.68 os the smn availabfe for the redemption of outstanding bouds or othor usee. The estinia'i'B of receipti and expendlturea for the Post ofBoe Department befng oqual. are not included in thid statement on elther side. 1 notice with raat pi asure the statement of the Secretary that the receipts from intnmal rt vonuert have increased during the Ik I ñsoal year ncarly SI '2,000,00), and that the cos collectiug thi larger revenue was less by tfO,617 flitm for the ame purpose in the preceaing year. The iercnta;.:e of cost of colleoting the customs revenue waa leas for the last fiscal year than ever before. The Silver Question. The act "direct ing the purchase of Bilver buliion and is-ue of Treasury notes theroon,"approved Jnly, 14, IíÍHj, has been adinlnistexed by the Secretary of the Treasury with an earuest purpose to gut into circulation at tho earllest possiblf dat b the f uil monthly atuount of notes contempla! od by its provisión s and at the sanie time to give to the markct for silver bullion such support as the law contemplates. The recent dppreciation in the price of silver has been obBerved with rogret. The rapldrisnin prico which auticipnted and followed the pabsage of the act was influenced in some degree by speculation, and the recent, reaction ís in part tiie result of the same cause and in part of the recent monetary disturban oes. Ponie months of further trial will be necessary to determine the permanent effect of the recent lfgislfttiou upon silver values, but it is gratifyinti t'j kno.v that the increased ciiculatin seeiirril liy the act has exerted and "svill continue to exort a most beneficial inftuence upon business and apon g-uoml values. While il bas not been thought best to renew fortnaliy tïi" suggegtion of an intera&tlonal conference looking to an ayreenient touobing the full use of silver for coinage at a uniform ratio, caro has been taken to observe closely any chnnge in the situation abroad, and no favorable o pportmii tv will be lont to promote a result v-hich it is confldently believed would confer very litrge benefits upon the commerce of tne world, llie recent monotary disturbances in Ëngland are nol unlikely t suggest a re-examlnation of opinions npOD this subject. Our v ry large aupply of gold wiU, if not lost by impulsivo legislaron in the supposed of silver, give U8 a poeition of advantage ín jïromoting a jtoruianeut und aafo international araement íor the freo uso of ailvur as a coin metal. Alioni Circulation. The effortti of the Fecretary to inórense th volume o? nioney in circularon by keepíng down tli') --casnry surplus to the lowost practicabl limit have leen unromitting and in a very blfih de ree suocessful. The tables presentod by niiu, howing the Inórense during the ninfiieen monhs ho has ndn inisíe ed the affair j the department, are interesting and ii.ii n: ivi-. The incnaso of money in eiren lat ion during the ninotten nionths bas leen in the agegate $ '3,SGG,818, or ab r capita, itnd of thiBincrease only $7,100f0C0 waB due to the reoent silver legfslatiou. TbAt th's substantial and needed aid given to cominerce resultad in an cnormous reduction of ilie public debt aud of the anuual interest charge is matter of increaaed nalisfacii'on. ioen purchabcd andredeemed slnoe BCarob 1. 10, i and 4 per ■■ nt honds to thü nmounl o' .-LU1,832.45O, at acost of $ 46,690,741, ing in the reduction of tho animal interest charge of .967,009, and a total eavinfi of luterest of $51,570,700. The Custoin ervU-e. Tne Custome Administration Board provided for by the act oí June 10, 18SK), was eelected with great care and is composed in part of men whOBoprevtous ezperlenoe in the administration of Ui ■' old customB regulations had made them familiar with the eviln to lie remeilied, and u prt uf ïnen vhnBe legal and JudicinJ acquireuHii! s m il exp rienee seemei to fii them for the work of int'-ri rcting and applylng che new statute. Thi chieï afin of tho law ib to secure honest valuatioiiH of all ilutiable merohandise, and to niaki alions uniiorm at all our ports o' entvy. Ifcrfcas boon made manifest by a congrcaHional imT'etigatlon that a system of uuderva atlon had been long in use by certain classes of imporiors, resulting not ouly in a ■„xreiit Ion-1 of reveuue but in a most intolerable diserünination against honesty. It is not geen Uow this k'i blation, whn it Is understood, car I , regarded by the citlzens of any country ' Qaving commercial dealings with us aa nnfriendly. If any duty is suppoaed tobe excensive let the somplaint bo lodged thero. It will Burely not be olaüned by any well-diBPOsod people that a remndy may be aougbt and allwed üi a eysteiu of quasi amuggling. TUK WAK DEPARTMENT. 1'eseilion.H DiM-roüsiu. The report of the Secretary of War exhibits aevf-ral gratifying reaults nitalnril during the year by wiee aud uuostent.atious mothods. The percec'tagu of duaertiona Iroin the army (an v il tor whieh both CongresB and the department liave long beon soeking a remedy) has boon retiucoi c: uring the past year ií4 por cent. and for the iiiuuïiH of August and Soptember, during i time the favorable effncta of the act of 'nu' 10 were fe!t, 33 por ct-n. as coiapared with :lie sami' monihn oi (89. THe reaultü attained by a roorganization and conalirïation of tbe divisies having charge of ho hospital service rtcorda of the volunteer ■ are very remarkable. Thls change was ffeoted in Jwy, 189, and at that time there i ore 40,6 4 cases awititing at eution, more thati hal? of these being calis ïrom the Pension Ofn-i- for infoimation necossary to the adjudica[on of pension claims. On tne 3i)th day of June ast-, ihoughovtr 3X),000 new calis had come in, h re waa do1 a cinglo enne that had not been oxaznlned u-ud anawered. toast lefnses. I oononr in tho rocominendations of the Beoretary that adauate and regular appropriations be continued for coast-defense works and ordnance, Plana have been practieally agreed apon, and Ihore oan be no goodreaaon fordelayingthn execution of tb om ; while tho defenseIchs átate of our grat ueaporta furnishes an urgent reason for wiee expodition. Tlie Miutla. Tho nrouraL'ement that hae been extended to the iiiiliUa of tho Staten, generally and inoBt approi i:uated the "National Guard," Hnoul'i be oontüraed and onl.irged. These military oxgonizatlona constitute, in a i-"" :o aense, the army of the United State-i. I about flve sixthb of tbo annual cost of .r i:aintonance ia defrayed by the States. THE NATIONAL LAWS. Satislactorily Adininistrott. The report of the Attorney General is under the law subuiitted directly to Congress, but, as the Department of Justiee ia one of he ezecutive aepartments. Rome reforence to the work done iö appjopriato hore. A vigorouH and ín the main an offective effort bas iH't'n made to briug to trial and panishment all violatora of the law; but, at the same time, caro bas bin takun that frivolous and tx'fhuical oífontít's Hliould not be uaed to swoll the foos of oöicors or to ha?a?s Wbll-cïispoe.d citizeus. Especial attentie n is called tu the facts counected ilh ihe pro.wcu1 violatins of tho eloction la ■. h an of offonses againat United StaUs ofheers. The nximber of uonvictlna ■ c.irel very man y of them apOD pi ■ sl-í of guilty, wlll, it ík toped, have a sftïut&ry restralning inilucnce. lliore ha . e been ral cases whoro Fostmasters jipjxiiiiled by ïoe have bten subj(!ctl lo vfólent inte-rfereuce ia the discharge of th-.'ir otlk-ial duttos, anl to perseoutlona and perflonal violence of the mo -t extreme charict:r. Some of thoso oases have beon dealt, with through the Departiuent of Justice, and in some cases the poet offices hare been obollshed or susiwuded, I have directed the l'os mister General to pursue this couree in all ca en where other e.Torts have failed to secure lor any PoHtnifiKt-er, not blmselt in fault, an opportuuity ïxacefnlly to exercise the dutie of nis olllce. But such actiou will not sUpplftni tho offorts of tho Department of Justii e to dring the particular offenderB to punishineit, Frautluleut Naturaüzation. The Tsoatton by judicial decroea of frandulent certificaten of ïiaturallzation, upon bit Is in equity nïw' by the Attomey Gnueral in the Circuit Court of the United States, is a aew applicatiion of a familiar equfty jurisdiction. Nearly one hundred decrees have been taken during the year, the evidonce disclosing that a very large uuinbur of fraudulent certifleates of naturalization have been iasu d. And in this connection I beg to renewmyrücomineiidation that the laws be ao ttmenaed as to reíjuire a more full and searching inquiry into all the facts necesavy to naturalization before any certifleatee are granted. It cortainly is not too much to require that an applic&tion for American citizenship shali be heard nith as muou care and recorded with as much formality as are given to oases ín vol ring the pettiest property right. 1ÜSTAL DEPARTMENI, Methods Oreatly Improved. Tho report of the Poslmaster Gonoral shows thO most gratifying progress in the important work cominitted to hls directlon. Tbe buBines methoda have been greatly improved. A large econumy iii exjieitdi tures aud au increaso of foui' and three-quarters milliona in receipta have been reaUzed. The lí;nciency thls year is fö, 780,800 as againat $6,350,183 laat year, notwitbatanding the great enlargexnent of the service. Mail routes have heen extended and quiokenrd. and greater accuracy and dispatch in disiributi )n and delivery have been attained. The report will be found to be full of interest and sugeetion, not only to Cozigress but to thoso thoughtf iil ciLizeus who may be interested to know %hat business metbods oan do for that dejiartniünt of public admiijirttration whicb most noarly touches all our i ejple. The Anti-Lottery Act. The passage of tbe act to aniend certain seotlons of the Keviaed Statutes relatins to lotteries, ajiproved Septembor 19, 18 'C, baa been reoeived with great and deserved popular favor, Tbe Post ffioe Department atid the Department of Juetice at once entered upon the enforcement of the law with syiupathetic vijior, and airead v the public mails havo ben larely frecd from the fraudulent and demoralizing appeals and literature emanating from the lottery conipanieo. THE NAVY, Splendid New Vessels. The construction and equipment of the new ships for the navy have made very satiufactory progross. Since Maroh 4, 188".), nine uew vessela have buen put in commission, aiid during this winter four more, inclxidiug one monitor will be added. Tlie construction of tbe otber vessels authorized is being pusbd, both in tbe Governnit'iit and private yards, with onergy and watühoi.1 with most sorupulous care. Valitable Experiment s, Tbe experimonts condiictod durin; the year to test the relativo reaisting power of armor platos havo been so valuadlo as to attraot gr at attontion i ÏSurope. The only part of the work upon the new shipn that is thre atened by unuaual delay is tho armor platinti, and evtry effort is being made to reducá that to the minimum. It is a suirceof congratulation that the anticipated influenoe of these modern vessels upon the esprit de corps of the offioers and Beunen has been fully realizad. Confklonce and jiride in the ship among the orew are equivalent to a secoudary battery. Your favorable consideratiou is invited to the recommeudations of tbe tiecretary. INTERIOR DEPAKTAiJENT. Saiisla '-tivy Kosulls A ( tainod. The report of tbe Secretary of the Interior oxhibits, with great fnllneBS and clearness, the vast work of that great department and the eatisfactoiy resulta atained. The suggestions made by liim are earneBtly commended to the oonsideration of Congresa, though tbey cannot all be given particular xnention here. Reluctlni ut' Imtlun KoservHtions. The scvtíral Acts of Congress looking to the reductlon of the larger Indian resorvations, to the more ruil settlement of tho Indians upon individual afiotmenUL and Ihj restoration to the public domain oBbnds in excebs of thcir needs, have bwüi largcly carried into efioet, so far as the work waa conftded to the Exectitive. AgreijUH'nts have been concluded since March 4, 1889, fnrolvlng the ■■ ssion to the United Stat cb of about 14, 72j,ü00 aires of land. These oontraots have, as reoulred by law, been sudmittod to Congres n For ratincabion and for the appropriationa necessary to carry them into effect. Those with the Sis'sotonand Wfthp 'ton. Bao and Fox, lowa, l'ottawatoinies and Abaeutetí í-hawnees anl Oo 01 d' A lene tribes have iiot yet reoeiyed tbo ea ;ction of CougreHS. Attontion is also callol to the fact that tho approprlations made In the caau of the SIoux IndiaiiK have not oovered all tho stlpulated paymt'uts. This ehould bo promptly correctetl. If mi agreement is oonflnned, all of its terms abould be complted with without delay, and full apprüpriations sbouM be mado. Air.iirs In I t.ih The inert asing numbera and intluence of the non-Morinoti jmpulation in Utah are observed with Bfttlsfaouon. Tho recent letter of WiHord Woodrufl ] esident of the Morinon t'hurch, In whicb aJvis d his people "to refrain from contractiu : nny marriage forbidden by tbe laws Of the laúd. ' has attracted wide attention, and it is hoped that its influence will behighly bneflcial in restrainlng Infractíona of the laws of the ( Status. But the fact shonld not be over looked that the doe tri ue or belief of tba ohuzoh hat polyganious marriages are ritíbtful and tmpportea by divine revelatioa rmuaiuH unchanged. President Woodruff does not renounce the doctrine, but refrains frora teaching It, and advisea against the i'rartfce of it because the law Is ayalnst ltj. Now, It is qnite tra that the law should not at. tempt to deal with the faith or belief of any one; but it is quite ano t her thing, and thé only safe thing, so to deal with the Territory of utah aa thaf. thoBe who believe polygamy to be rightful bball not have the power to uaake it lawf uJL Lamls for Settlers. The policy outlined in my last annual message in relation to the patuting of lands to Betllors upon the public dom ai n han been carriod out in the administra' ion of the T.tind Office. No gmiernl auspicio or imputaton of fraud has been allowed to delay the h-aring and adjudication of üidivilual cases upon thelr merite. The pur pone has been to perfect the title of honeat settlora with such promptness that the va lue of theentry mightivit be Hwallowed up by the expensen anti extortiona to whioh delvy Bubjected Uu claimaut The average montbly i-Hiie of ogricultural patenta has been increased about six thouaond. The Peiiflion Omce. The diaabilUy ponslou act. whioh was approved on tbo 27 th of June last, has been put into operation as rapidly ay practicable. The Jnoreaaed clerical forcé urovided was selected and asigued to work, and a contri derabla part of the furoe enpaed in examinatimiH in the field was recalled and added to the working force of the oftice. The exauiination and adjudication of claims have, by reason of iinproved tnethoda, been more rapid than ever before, There ia no economy to the Government in delay, whili there is rnuch hardship and injuatico to tbo Boldiers. The antícipated expendlture, wlüle very lare, will not, it is believed.be in excess of the estitnatps madebefore the enactment of the law. This liberal general law shuuJd suggest a more careful scrutiny of bilis for special relief, both aa to the cases where relief is granted and aa to the amount allowed. Usóles Publc Knlldlng BUI. At the last session I had occasion to return with my objettiona severa I billa inakiiig proviaione for the i'n'c-tion oí public buildings, for the reanon that tho exponditurea conLemplated were, iu my opinión, yratly In exeess of any public neetf. No class of 1 'gialation is more liable to abuse, or to degeuorato into an unseemly scramble about the public treasury, than this. thre should be exorcisod in this matter a wiae economy based upon gome reBpoueible and impartiul exaininatfon andreport a to each case, undor a general law. THE LEI'AItTMEM OF A6KICULTUKE, I .11 I'rospering. The report of the Secretary of Agriculture deeerve especial attention in view of the fact that the year hut Ieeu inarked in a very unusual degree by agitation and oranization among the farmera looking to an i ase in the profits of their business. It will be found tb at the efforta of the Dejiarínient have been intelligent ly and zoalously dovounl to tho promotion of the intereuts intxuated to its care. A very Bubttantfal lmprovement in the niarket pricos of tb le.uliiifi farm i roducta during the year is notictd The price of wheat advancei from 81 ceuta iu Octobor, 18b9, to S1.X)( in Octobor, 1890; corn from 81 cents to 50 J cents ; caca from 19Jrf cents to 4'i oeDte, aul bar. ley fruin &u cents to 78 ceuu, Mnat-e showed a ■ubtantial lu; nol so largo an iucreaüe. The export trevde ín Uys nninials and fo.vln shows a very larue increa-e; the total valuo in suoh exports for tho year ending June 30, 1890, was $3:.000,000, and the increase over the preceding year waa over 915,000,000. Ncarly 200,000 more ca Lile and over 45,(10.) more hoga were exportad than in the precediug year. Tho export trade in beef aud pork producía ami iu dalry producís was very largely iucroased, the iucreas-) iu the articles of butter alone beingfrom 15,504,978 pounds to 29,748,042 j ounds, and the total increase In the val uo of meat and dairy producta exported being $H4.00i t00ü. This trade, so directly helpful to th farmer, it Ib believed will be yet further and very largely increased wben ihe eystem of inspt ei ion and Bfinitary gupvereion now provided by law Ís brougot rully iuto operation. I r toctiiii American Aleats. The efforta of the Socretary to eetablish the healthfulness of our meaos againat the diaparaging imputations that have beon put upon tbem abroad have resultad in subatantial progrüBs. Veterinary surgeoua 8eut out by the Uepartmeut are now allowed to particípate Id the inspeetion of the live ca tlo from thia country landed at the Englieh docka, and during tbe several mo ths they have been ou duty no cane uf cotitagious Íjleuro-íUH'Uinonia Ijhh heen reporte!. Thia nspection abroa 1 and tho domestio inspeetion of live animald and pork product, proríded for by tht! act of August 80, 1890. wil) afiford as perfeot aguara'tty for the wholoaomoneds of our meats ofïered for foreixn coneumption aa is anywhoro giv 'U to food product, and its nonAooeptsxrce will quite clearly revoal the real motive of auy continuod restriction for their tïi'i ■ and that lm ving loen made claar, the duty Of the Kxecutive will be very plaiu. ISeot Suxa'r Interes ts. The infonnation given by tho Soortry of the progresB aud prospecte of the beet au ar induiitry is full ra Interest. It has alrcady pa-ised the experimental frtag ■ anil is a commercial Biiccesa. The area over whioh thw sugar beet can be succoasfully oultivated ia very Iarge, and ftnother fieM erop of gr -at value is offored to th'M'hoioeof the farmers. The Hecrelary of the Treasury coucura in the recoinmendation of the tary of Agricultur tliat the official auperviaion provided by tho tariff law for ugar of domeat 1c j)roduction Bh til be transferred to the Deparuneut of Agricukuro. 'Vhe law relattng to the civil service has, so far aa I can lcarn, been executed by those having the power of apifointmeut in the clasnifi d eer vico vl th Qdrlity and impartiality, and the ervice has been increaftintly sniiafactory, The report of the commistsion shows a lar;,'O amount of good work done during tho yenr with very limitad appropriations. THE TAKIFF ANü ITS EFFECTS. Confi;res!t Conrat-ilnte I. I congratúlate the Congress of the country upon the passng at the first aoHsion of the Fifty-firet Congress of au unusual number of laws of very high importante, ihat the re■ultBofthU 1 60 slation will be the tjuickening and enlareiuout of our inanufacturing induitrles, mid better markets f i -r our breaditulTn ani provisions both a; lm ). nnlabroad, more constant euiployment and b ttev wages for our worklng poopli and au inorooood aupply of aafo ouxrenoy for the traiii-action of business, I do not cloubi. Someof these measures were enoctod at so late a period that the benoflcial effect s upou commerce whioh were in the oantemplation of Congrega hae as yet but portially manifested themselvca. oiiin StftttfltlO U The genaraJ traile and imlnsrial conditions throughout the country during the year have ■hown a m&rköd iiujiroveiimut. Por man y aura prior to 1868 the mexchandiu ta1ances of XorcÏK" li'Hdt) had boon largely in our favor, but during that year and the year following they turnea against us. It is very giatifying to kiiow that the lust fiscal year ft,:n hUows a balance in our favor of over - ,00,000. Tha bank olearingB whích furnish a g'od test of the Tolnme of buain sa tranBaoted, for the flrst ton inoiitbs of1 i; I with the Bftma ïuontha of 1889, an increase for the whole oonntryof about 8 4 per cuut., whilethe in creare outhide the city of New York was over i:ï ] r oeut, Darlng the mon h of Oetober tho olearingB of the whole country showed an increase of 3.1 per cent. over Ootober, 1889, while outrtirie of New York the increase was llé percent. These ngunm show t.hat tbo inereaee iu the volume of businesB was very general throaghottt tho coumry. That this Jkrger buflÜieaB was being con iuct'ii upon a ■afe and prontable basis is hown by the fact thai there were ;00 les failures reported in October, ÏS'J.J, thau iu tho same nionth of tho preceding year, with liabilitieri cliininished by about 5,00U,O00. Increase In Export s. The value of our exporta of riomedtio merohandisi' dnrlng the last year wafl over $115,000,000 greater than the preceding year, and was only excoedod once in our history. About 100,0 X, Ou oí this excess was in agricultura! product s. The production of pig iron- alwaya a good gauao tn general prosperlty- is shown by a recent cenaua bulletin to have been 153 per cent. greater in 188 than in 1880, and the pioduction of steel Üï) - por eent. greater. Mining in coal has had no limitation excej)t that resulting from deficiont transportAtion. Ihe general testlniony is that labor Jb everywhore f ully einployed, and the ïeporta ïor the laet year sliow n nmallor number of employés afïeototl by strikes and lockoutu than in any yoar since 1H84. The depresflton in the ' prices of agrfcultural products lia] been greatly feliovoil, aml a bouyant and hopeful tone was beginning to be feit by all our people. l;iml:iiiilS Financial I ante. These nromleing iufluences have been in aome degrtte checked by the surprising and voryunfavorablo monetary events whiuh have recently taken place in Kugland. It is graMfying to know that tbeee dld not grow in ai y degree out of tho financia] relations of Len..on withonr peop], or any discredlt attached 10 nir aecurifies held iu that inarket. 'ili ritnrn of our bonds and stocks was oaused by a uinii'-y strlnganey in England, not by anv losa of value or Sredit fn the ftecuritlfes themselveK. Wecouldnot, o wever, wholly encape he ill effect s of aforeign monetary agitation aocompanled by such troordjnary incidents as cbaraotertzed thfs. Tt (b not bdievod, however, that these evll Incidente, wblch havefor the time tmfavorably affected values in this country, can long withfltand the atrong, safe. and wholesomo ínfluemea which aro operating to fflve to our people profltablb retnriiB in all branche of legitímate trade and induntry. llie ap prehensión that our tari ff may aiain and at once be s ■ 1 1 jected to important goueral ohangea would undoubtedly add a depressing Iniluence of the moat Borioue charaoter. Th Late Tarín A t, The general Tariff act has only part ially gone lnto operation, Homeof lts important provinions beiiifí limitad to etïVct at datos yet ia the futuro. The general proviaions of thn law have been in forcé lea tban sixty dayd. lts permanent effect upon trade and prices etill largely stand in conjeoture. Iï is curious to note that the ad vanee in the prices of art iel :s wholly nnaffeoted by tb ■ Tíiriff act was by many hastily aacribed to that act. Notice wan not takeu of tho fact that the tendency of the markets was upward, oom iulhi'-ncH wholly apart fren the recent taiitï l''ÍHlation. TIn nlargemei:t of our currency by c3m Silver Bill undoubtwilv gavo an upward tendency to traae and had a marked effect uu prices; but this natural and desired effect of the Bilver legislation was by luauy erroneoualy attributed to the Tariff act. Vust Have a Fair Trial. Thore Ís rieither wiedow nor jus tice in the suggestion thal the subject of tariff revisión fihall be oient'd beforo this law bas bad a fair trial. It is quite truo that every tariff schodule is subject to objoctlona. Ko bill was ever franied. 1 nuppofiu, that ín all of lts ratee and clanBíficaUonB liad the full approval even of a party caucua, sinco legifllation ís always and necertnarüy the product of compromiso an to details, and the present law is no exception. 13ut ín its general eoope and effect I think it wül justify the support of those who believo that American legiwlation sh uld conserve Amorlcan trade and the wages of workingmon, Titó xnialnforniation ae to tho tor ma of the act wbich haa been so wlrloly diasemlnated at home and abroad will becorrected by experlenoe, and the evil s aH to its resulta con'ounded by 'ho niaikot r -porta, the saviflgs banks, internal trade Imlaucos and the g neral prosperity of our people. Airead y we begin to hrar f rom abroad and f rom our custom houses that the prohibitory effect upon importa! ious impnted to the act is not juslifled. The importa at tho iort of New York for the first three weeks of November were nearly 8 por cent. greater than for the same period in 18fcfJ, and 29 percent, gi aler i hun in aame pcriod of 1888. And eo far trm being an act to limit exporta, I confldently believe that under it we shall Becure a larger and moro profitable parti:i pation In foreign trade than wo have ever enjoyed, and tbat wo shall recover a proportionate a rtici pation in the (ici'iui carrying traIe of the world Foroijrn CrltloUlDS of the filll. The critit-iama of the bi]l tbat have come to ub from forti'U sourcea may well be reected for repugnancy. If these critica really believe that the adoption by ue of a f ree-trade policy, or of tariff rates having referonce Bofely to revenue, would dimiuiöh tho participación of their own countries in the commorce of the world, thelr advocacy and the proiiiotion by s])eech and othor forma of organizad effort ofthis movement among our people lii a rare oxhibltion of unselfibness in trade. And uu tl-o otbcr hand, if thcy sincerely believe that the adoptioD of a proU;ctlve tariff polioy by this country inures to their profH and our hurt. it is noticeatily strange that tbey ahoul 1 lead the oütory againat the authora of a policy ao holpful 1o their countrymen and crown with thoir favor those wbo would snatcli from them a Hiibstantial sharo of a trtido with other land a, airead y inadequate to their necessitieB. There ís no disposition amoiig any of our people to promote prohlbitory legislation. Our policioB are adoitotl not to the hurt of others, but to seoure for ouraelves those advantagee that fairly grow out of our favored pusition as a ua ion. Our form of governraent, with ita incident of universal suffrago, makea it imperative that wo hall save our working people from the agitations and tJistrosHfts which scant work and wages that leave no ixiargin for comfort always beget. Hut after all thia i done ifc will be fouud that our markets are opn to friendly commeroial esohaug. s of onormous value to other great power a. U;iuis of Worklnsr People. From the time of my induction iuto office, thduty of using ovcry powor and infiuence givn by law to the Executive Department for the d 'velopment of larger markets for our produots, ospecially our farm producís, baa been kept courttantly in ntiiul, and no effort has been, or wül be, s pared to promote that end. We aro uuder no diBalvantoge in any foreign market except thai we pay our workingiuen and workingwomeu bettor wageB tban aro paid elaewhere -better abstractly, better relatively to the coat of the necestsaries of life. 1 Uo not doubt tbat a ver y largely iucreased foroign tradu 1b acoesslble to ub without bartering for eitherour borne market for sucb producís of the farm and' shop as oux own people cun aupply or the wagea of our worklngpeople. Th Reoiprocity Feature. In many of the producte of wood and iron and in ineats and breadatuffs. we have advantagi-e that only need better facitities of intercourse and traneportation to secure for them large foreiu markets. The reciprocty clause of the tariff act wisely oud effetively opens the way to secure a large reciprocal trade in exchange for the f ree admission to our porta of certain product. The right of Independent ïmtions to raake special reciprocal trade conceuHions ia well establiahed, and doet not Impair eiiner the comity due to other powers or wbat is known aa tho "favored nation olause" bo generally fouud in commercial taxaties. What la given the one for an adequate apreed coiiBideration ca inot be claimed by another freejy. The st-aie of the reven ucs was such that we could dispense with any import duties upon ta. hides, and the Ion er grados of silbar and molasaes. That the large odvantage retiulLing to tlio countries producing and exl'ortin articles by placing them on the free list entitledua to expect a fair return in a way of Cis oms concoBsions upon articles exportod by ua to them.WRS öo obvious that i o have gratuitously abandonad bhlfl opportoBity to enlarge our trade would have been an unpardonable error. There ver but two mothods ot maintaining control of thls question open to CoureBS : To place all of these articles upon the dutiable Ha L subject to such treaty agreements as could be necured, or to place thuin all pres ently upon the free list, but. subject to the reImposition of spociflod duties it the countrieK from wh (oh we received them abould refiiHo to glvo ti ua suitftbie reciprocal b+meflts. This latu r method, I think, possossos great advantages. It expresses in advanoe tho consent of Tougroas to rociprocity arrangements aSeotixtg these product, wbich must otber BD d layed and u'itiscerlained until each treaty v.as ratiüed by i ae Benate and the uecessory 1 gislation enacttid by -'ongress. Kxpürienci' hAfl shown that some troatiea looknig to rt-ciprocal tralie have failed to secure a two-thirds vote in the Senate for ratlfloatlon, aud oihers huving passcd that slage have for years awalted the eoncurrence of the EConse aud Señalo in BUOb modifleations of our revenu laws as vas necessary to give effoct to thoir proviaions. We now have the coucurrence of both Hou sea in advanoe in a distinct and definí te offer of free ontry to our pons of spedflc artU'los. The Baeoattye Is not required to deal in conjecture as to w bat 'ongross will aocepth Indeed, this reciprocity provisión iH more tlian an offer. Our part of the barg'iin is coinitlete : delivory bas been made, and vhn the countries from wbich we receivo our sugar, coffee, tea and bidet have placed on thslT free liata auch of our produ ts as ahall be agreed upou, as an equivalent for our concossion, a proclainatiou of that fact oomplct(!K the trausaction, and ín tho meantime our own iwoplü have free sugar, tea, coffee and hides. Looking: Forward. Tho indications thus far given are very hopeful of early and favorable action by the countrii b from whicfa wo receive our large importa of coffoo and sugar, and it is confidcntly beUeved that if steani coiumuuicatioit with these countriea . an bo promptly improveti and enlared, tbo noxt year will show a most gratifyIng increase in our exporta of hreadstuffs and provisión.-, as veil as of soma important lines of niauufactureü goods. COMING LEOISLATION. Work that Kemains to B Done. In additlon to the important bilis that benaino laws beforO The adjournment of tbe last sesnion, souih other ï)i;ls of the bighest iniportance we.ra well adauced toward a ünal vote, and now stuud ui on the calendara of tho two hou sos iu favored posiiiona. 'J he present seasion has a flxed limit, and i f these measures are not dow bronght to a final vote all tho woi'K tbat has been done upon them by this Congre&a ia lost. Tbo proper conslderation ot these, of an tip port ion ment bill, and of the annual appropriation billa, will reu ui re not ouly thut no workiiiK day of the seaslon shall be loat, but thitt ïiiiiihia'ii. of minor and local Interest shall not bo allowed to interrupt or r tard the progresa of thoao that are or universal interest. Tn view of tho e couditions 1 refral n f ram bt'iniim before you at tbis time aomo wuggeations tbat wrould otherwise be made, and most eAxneeily invoke your attention to the duty of porfectiñg lbo iiniKrtaiu legialation now well ftdi&uued. To som' of those meaaures which sem to me most Important I hot brlefly oaff jour atteutlon. To Ievelop Amerlran Rteamshlp Mnes, I deaire to ropeat witb added urgonoy the recoiu inent iatlonH contained In my last annual ineBsnge in rolation to the development of Amtricati s team a hip lines. The reeiprocity clause of the taxi ff bill will be largely HuiIted, and its twneñts retarde d a:id diminlnhed, if provlwion ia -not contomporaneotialy made to encourage the estábil el ïinent of flrstclass Bi eaui communie ai ion between our porta aud the porte of such nations as uiay meet our overtures for enlarged commercial exchanges. The steaniship carryiiig the njatla tatedly and frequantly, and offoring to pasaengers a coinfortable, Rafe, and speedy transit, is the first con dition of formgn trale. It carrioa the order of the buyer, but not all that Is ordered or bought. Itgiveatothe Balling vessels such oaigoei as aro not urgent or perla hablo, and, mUreotly at least, promo tes that important adjunct of commerce. Thcre ia now both in this country and in the nations of Central ani South Amerioa a -tato of ezpectation and confidence ag to inercased trad o that will gíve a doublé value to your prompt aetion upon tbie qitestion. Water for Aril Reirions. The subject of the conservation and equal distrioution of the water supply of the aria reïions has imd much attention from Congruas, but has not aa yet been put upon a perro amnfc and hatisfactory baai e. The urgency of the ubject does not grow out of any large present demaiid for the use of these lauda for agriculture, but out of the danger that the water supply and the sites for the neoesBary carch-baslns may fall into the banda of individuáis or private corporations and be naed x reuder subaervlent the large areas dependent upon auch supjly. The owuer of the water Is the owner of the Iands, h o wever the titles may mn. All unappropriated natural water eouroes and all jifcoHsary reservoir sites should be held by the Government for the equal use, at fair ruten, of the home&tead settlors who will eventuallv take up these lands. The T,'ntVd Stati'K should not, in iny opinión, unlortake the construc.ion of dams or canals, but ehoxild limit its work to such surveys and observations Mft will determine the water supply, both surface and subterranean, the areas capable of irrkatiüii, and the use, location of, and storage capacity of reservoirs. This done, the use of tho water and of the reservoir sites migat bo granted to the respective -States or Territorios, or to individúala or associations, upon the condition that the necoasary worki should be constructed Rnd the water furnli h tl at fair ratos, without discriinination, the rat es to be subject to supervisión by the Legislatures or by boards of water commiasioners duly constituted. The essential thing t be aocurod is the common and equal uso at fair raten of the accumulated water supply. It wore almoflt better that these lamia should reinain arid Ui au that thone who occupy them shmild bocome the alavés of unrentraineJ monopolies, controlling the essoutial elemento! land values and erop results. Botter Election I,:nvs If any intelligent and loyal company oj American citizens were required to catalogue the OBsentinl human conditions of lifu, I do not doubt Lhat ivith absolute unanüuity it would begin w ith Tree and houest elections." And it is gratifying to know that genorallv thcre is a growing and non-partittau dein and for bitter electiou laws. But against thls slgn of hope and progrees must be aet the depressing and unli nial" e tact that election laws aua methods are sometimos cunningly contri ved to secure mioorlty control, whiie violence completes the snortcoinings of fraud. Pas th Klectlon I-uw, In my laat annual mee sago I sutïgested that the development of the exiating law providing a Federal supervisión of CongresBional olootion.i offered an effective method of reformlng these abuae. The need of önch a law has manifestad itsel? Ín man y parts of the country, and its wholesome restraints aud penal ties will be n-utful in all. The constituticn. ah tv of such legi slation haa been affirmed by the Supremo Court. lts probable effect iveness is evidenced by the character oí the oppnsition that Is made to It. It has been denounced as if It were a new exeroise ol Federal power and an invasión of the righti of the otates. Nothing could be further from the truth. Congress has airead y ñxed th time for the election oí members of Congresi, It haa declared that votes for members ot Congresa dnust be by written or printed ballots it has provided for the appointment by the Oír cult Courts in certain cases, and upoa th- petltion of a cert-ain number of citizens, of electioq BupervisorB, and made it their duty to supervisé the registration of voters conuncted by th State oíncers ; to challenge persona offering to register ; to personally inspoot and ncrut inize the rrist-ry lists, and to afnx thelí ñames to the listB for the purposü of i de utiñeation and the prevention i -i frauds ; to attend at elections and remain with the boxes till th votos are all cast and counted; to attach to th refíiBtry liet and election returns any statament touchiñg the accuracy and falrness of the regii try lis and election : and to tak and transí ni t tothe Clerk of the House of Koprosentatives anj evidence of tho fraudalent prácticos which maj be preBenterl to them. The same law providei for the appointment of Deputy Unitod States Marshals to attend at the polls, Kup]ort tht KupcrviHíirh in the discharge of their dtitiei and to arrest persona violnUng the election law, The provlsions of thJ familiar title in the Revised St tutes havo bv-:i put to exercist by both the polilical parties, and in the North aw well aa in the South, by the ftling with th court of the peilt ions required by law. It ís not, therefore, a qnestion wbethr we shall have a foderal election law, for we noyt have ono. aud have had for nearly twenty years, but whelner we ahall have au effective law The preBent law stops just short of effeotivo. ness, for it surrendera to the local authorities all control over the certiñeation which establí-hes the prima fació right to a Beat in the lluae of Kepreaentatives. Thls defect should be oured Eqnality of repreBentatioii and tho parity of the elctors must be maiutained, or everything that is valuabla in our system of govornment is lost. The qualiñcatiions of an elector znust be sought in tbE law, not in tho opinions, prejudice, or fers oí any class, ho wever powerfuL The path of iht elector to the ballot-tox must be free from th ambush of fear and the enticemontB of fraud i the count so true and open that none shall gainsay it. Such a law should be ansolntely non-partlsan and impartial. It shoull giv the advanlage to honeaty and the control to ma;orities, Sureïy there is nothing sectionaí this oreod, and if it shall happen that tho jenalties of lawa Intended to en forcé these rights fall liere and not there, it is not because the law is sectional, but becan se, happily, crime is local and not univi rsnl. Nor should it be forgotten thatevor law, whether relatin; to elections or to any o'hor subject, whether enacted by th State or by the nation, has forcé behind it. The OOUrts, OM marshal or constable, the posse oomitatuK. tbe i'i'ison, aro all aud iilways behind the law. One can not justly be oharged wüu uufriendliness to &uy section or clasB who BockB ouly to restrain viulalion of law and of personal rlí(ht. Nocommunitj v.ili find lawlessnesa proütable. No coinniuniiy can afford to tiavt' it knovu that the officora who are charged with tho pnservtion of tho public poacc and tho rentraint of th criminal clHBses are themselves tho jiroduct or fraud or violence. The magistrate is thon without re-tiK'ct aud tho law wittiout sanction. The flooda of lav. lf'BBnosscannot be Isreed hji1 i nada to ruuiu oii' ohannel. The kllllng of a ünitd States Marshal carrying a writ of arrest for an election olïouso ia full of prompliug and sugRastion to men who re pursued by a City Martthal for a ciime against Ufe and property. But it is said that this legislation wlll rerivs raco animositieB, and some have even suggestd vhen tho peao ful methods of ?raudar' n ido iniposstble they may be suppleiueit"-! bj inütnidation and violenoe. lf i he propoeed law gives to any qi:alified elector, by a hair'8 weight. more than bis equal iníUienc, or detracta by eo mnoh from any other qualifttd elector, it Ís fatally impoaoned, Butit the lawis equal and tlioañiinositiusitls to evoke grow out of ths fact tha nonio electora have been accuatoiued to exercisc the frauohise for others as well as for theniBolvofl, tnen thee anliuosi fes ought not to be fonfeesed wi , hout Bhaine and cannot be given any weigbt in the discusBion without (liíihonor. No cnoice is left lo me bui to enforoe wlth igor all ta ñ intonded to secur to - oonstttutlonal righta, and to recommoiitl that tho inadequacius of bu oh laws bepromptly reniodiod. lf to promote with zvl and nady interest every project for ih'i lopment oí its material mterests, its riverB, harbore, mines and faciorles, and the intolllgonco and peace aud saoñrlty ttndsx the law of its oomuiunitin and its humes, is not accepel as sufficimt evidence of friendliuess to any State or seolion, I can not ad connivancL at election practlcea that not ouly distnrb local rusul a but rob the elootors of other Staten and eections of their most priceleaa política] rights. I pjn-oprlation Bills The r-]a -atlon of the Koneral appropriatlon bilis th'iuM t' ■ couduc! d wlth roatost car ana olosest scrutlny of expeudltures. Approprlatlons ahould be adequate to the needB of the pnblic Htirvioe, lut they should be abaolutely . ir eo f rom proaicality. I vciii ure luuin to remind you that the briof time roinítiiiiug for the conHideration of the lmportiim teglslation now awaiting your at tention offers no margin for wast. Ir the jm-si-nt "(niy is dlsoliarged with diligence, fldolity and courage, the work of the ïifty-flrsj Oonreas may bo conñdently subinitted U tiM oonsiderate judgment of thu people. Benjamín Ha&iuso. Exkcu'iive Mansion, Deo. 1, 1890. j