Prospebity In Ireland

[1 rom tüe JjOndon Spectator. Na one who now revisita Ireland after an absence of some years can have any doubt tbat she has made a considerable advance in material prosperity. Evidfeiice of tlie faet ís boíne in ijpon him in a nrultiplicity of tfáys. 'Jhe prosperity is not sueh as this country enjoys, but of its kind it is real and considerable. It has been attained through terrible sufferings, that reflect discredit on our statesmanship and our intelligence, but now tbat the sufferingis past, it is some consolation that it has not been uadergone altogether in vain. FoJ-meíly the tenant had no protection igainst eviction but the good feeling of b.is landlord, the pressure of public opinión, and the dread of being shot. Now he has, in addition, the certainty of a lawsuit; and, after all. the certainty of a lawsuit, whatever the chances of winning, has a very deterrent effect upon nine out of ten people. Owing, then, o aU Üii8e and several other causes, not oñíy is the cïondition of the people generaUy ameliorated, but theíf standard )f living has been very markedly raised. Fheir food is better, their clothes are beter, and their houses are better. The bod is even yet, indeed, not as nutriious as it ought to be, for, on this point ;he Irish peasaot is too self-denying, but t io fery much better than of oíd. The íoüsesj agaihj are eertainly not such as anitary science , appröves, thd in the poorer parts of tfie country, óspécially tho hovels, are deplorably wi-etched. In the bogs, for exámple, one fi-equently sees cabins with a damp earthen floor, a roof so low that a tall man could touch it, no windows, and a hole in the thatch for a chimney. But these lairs of fever and rheumatism are far less numerous in proporción taan tney were. Uenerally speaking, there is a decided, though very insufficient improvement in the houses, and the general health is mnrvelous, the death-rate of Ireland, according to the official return just pubhshed, being only 19 per 10,000. The one great drawback to Irish prosperity, that which inspires fears for its continuance, is the absence of a varied industry. Where there is a varied industry there exists within the country itself a market for its agricultural produce, and also a field of employment for the surplus arms the rural district rear. But without such industry, both produoê nd labor have to seek a foreign market. Now, Ireland can be said to have only two industries - the linen manufacture and the distilling of whisky; But the linen manufacture is confined to a portion of Ulster, and the distillation of whisky, though a profitable business, is not one whieh the statesman, the moralist, or the philanthropist would wish to see indefinitely increased. The prosperity of Ireland thus is dependent on the prosperity of England. In other words. it is a reflected prosperity. Last t. a' IJ Z' '_-"jD"lTost exclusiveiy against Napoleon" compelleV jSUgfiiïiartö raise her own food, and the enormous prices consequent on the war created a willingness to grow corn. Ireland then became a grower of grain, and the Oorn laws induced her to continue the same rolo. The repeal of the Corn laws, however, soon convinced her that she could not compete against the United States, Bussia, and the Danubian countries in the wheat market, and year by year the cultivation of wheat has diminished, until now the area under that grain is only one-fif th of what it was in 1847. Another remarkable proof of how completely the agriculture of Ireland is regulated by the English market, is that the total area under crops of all kinds is now not greater thau it was in 1847. In the course of thirty years - that is, of unprecedented progress throughout the world, and, as we have been showing, of jjjarked advance in Ireland itself - there has been no addition made to the tillage of Ireland. The explanation, of course, is, that under the regime of free-trade, foreign competition in cern and roots proved too powerful to allow of extensión. The Irish farmers, therefore, wisely turned their attention to the branch of their business in which their nearness to the market gave them a decided advantage. In other words, they directed their energies to the breediiig and fattening of cattle, and the making of butter. The Indian Question. The Indians remaining on the reservations in the Black Hills country, the several branches of the Sioux, the Arapahoes and the Cheyennes, have all at last been persuaded to agree to the new arrangement, giving up all their territorial claims in that quarter, and rernoving to the Indian territory, back of j Arkansas, and eettling down as individual farmers rather than continuing as roaming tribes. The absence of the fighting bands, the taking away of arms and ammunition, the holding out of glittering promises, and probably the bribiog of the contractors and whites living among the Indians, who have gained their confidence and secured muchinfluence over them, have doubtless all contributed to this important and revoiutionary result. Some of the leading chiefs objected strongly to the agreement, and made eloquent speeches in protest and in sharp criticism of the manner in which they had heretof ore been treated by the Government. But their mutual jealousies and ambitions, thcir fears and hopes, were played upon adroitly, and all, one af ter another, came int the arrangement. Most likely there will ba more difficulty in removing them to the new country than there has been in getting them to agree to go. But as a part of the means to the end, Gen. Orook is refitting his forces for a winter campaign against the fleeing and wandering öghters, and it, indoed, looks now as if a very great Ktop had been achieved in the history of the Indian question. A Spider's Terrible Bite. H. E. Jewell, sou of the late John Jowell, of Kiakatom, who -was killed while bravely fiehting in Virginia during the war, and whose mother and sister live in Oatskill, was recently bitten by a tarántula, or poison sjnder, in Arizona, where his home now is. These animáis vary in size f rom a dollar to that of the palm of the hand, and the poison of their bite is more fearf ui and deadly than that of the rattlesnake, so that few recover from it. Prussic acid and ammonia wero injected into his system through the wound ; he was filled with a mixture of lard oil and brandy, so that he was unconscious more that forty hours, and was kept drunk six days to counteract, by alcohol, the poison in time, blisters from it having como out on his body. He wres tbat he is now upparently i'ree rom the poison, but is nervous and weak, as he wel' may be, {rom the eft'ecte of the pf.isou, or his forced debaucb, or both. As Mr. Jewell w büt 26 years oíd, and lias a strong and vigorous constitution, it is hoped ♦ liní. U „ '1 1 __1 tu - _ T