The Typograph

For unan y years past iiiventors have lioon tirylng to produce a machine to lo the woffc of the compositor. Thelr efforts havo tafeen three directions. 1- Machines whlch set and dlsrlbute the actual type. These machines are by neeeselty complex and delicate in tbetr parte. Tlie Just l'k-ation ol the Unes a.nd 1he distrtbution has to be done by separate operators, and there is a very la ree percentage of broken type. On account oí these difficulties, Done of the many type-setting macliincs invented have obtained more tlian a very limited success. 2- Another set of inventora lia ve endeavored to mako a simple macliine by a single die or a line of dies into papier-madie, or similar matrix. 'The workera In this line have met -n-ith apparently Insuperable difiieulties These are: The üreat difii iilty of oo:rection, the Avant of a dry matrix in whtch the impression can be mode. uniform deprh. good alignment and the neceaalty of two typfng operatious b?fore the product can 1e used on a cylinder press. 3- Thore is still amother line upon which inventors have worked. In this class of machines the types are cast singly or in Unes, as -vanted and are re-melted after each use. To this class the Rogers Typograph belongs. The fornier machines in this class, however, have been open to the same objecticnis- of great comploxity. and delicacy- making them umreUable, especially foT newspaper use. The Rogers Tj-pograph eeems to be the only machine which combines great simplicity in its construction, whi'e avoiding or overcoming the difficulties encountered in all othcr machines. The machine performs four operations. In the first the type, or rather tlie matrices are assembled. The type are long bars having a matrix or female type Impreseed or stamped in a sma'.l notch in one edge near its lower extreanlty. The matrix is strung upon a íxill by an eye at its upper extremity. Tlio wirr is inclined at an angle oí about 33 dpgrees find is enipported in a frame. There are as many oï these wiree as there are different charactcrs to bc nsed In the machine and these wtres diverge in their -upper extremitie to an arch or boiv; whKe at the lower extrem[tiefl they converge tato a common vertical plañe. The matrices hang noranally next to the a:-ch at the upper ■xtrcmity ol the w4re and are released y a simple key mechaalsm and sliilc liiua by thcii1 own welght upon the wive. and ave tluis assembVd at the owor extremitios of the witee. The second operation i the spacing mechinism. At the end of each woïtl the compositor touches a key which permite one of the Bpacera to come into (pHm.ce betwven the matrices. Tliis spacer ík a compositie cam and is threaded upon a shaft a little back of the line of matrices. AVhen revolved these gpacers spread the line to a predeterminad limit, justifying the line mstantly, evenly and absolutely correct. In the third place the mould moves up to the now justified line of matrices, a spout connected wlth a reservoir of molten metil comes into the mould, and a forcé pump ín the reservoir drives a Jet of the liquid type metal into the mould filling it and the matrices. The liquid metal cools instamtly and becomes a solid bIur fir line of type having the prtated charicters upoo its ede. The operations f jusiiï.vini; a.nd castiiiir are performed o rapid'.y tliat tlie eye can scarcely fotfow them, the whola operation biini; done and the finlehed shis ojeeted in less bhan two aecouds. The frame suiii ( i ■ i i 1 1 n' tl1 wires Is then tlpped by b motlon similar to tliat of raiBlng tin' carrlage of a Itemington Typewriter. The type sltde baak upon the sanie wires upon which they came down, falHng to their .places tnstantly and without the poeeibility of thelr gettlng Une, just ityiiiiï. casting and distributline, jusiifyinu;. castingand distributing ave repeatd untlJ the fonn of glugs type bars is fUlrd. wben it is ready to be printed f rom, etereotyped, or etectto'tyiped josi as any ordKiuu-y lorm of type. The slmpUctty, aecaracy and beautlfnl worWog of this machine lias held the adniiration of all who have geen it. AiniDst everyone of tho leading netwcqpapers of New York and Phlladélpbla, together with many othera throufrhout the country, have glven orders for this machine. The inventor, Mr. John Raiphael Rogers, was boni in Boseville, Illinois, thirty-four ycars ago. He is the son of a clergyman, who was durtng most of liis life a college professor. The boy hood of the was spent pavtly in Ohio and partly [o Kentucky. Mr. Rogers gradaated trom Oberlln College, Ohlo, at the age of elghteen. The plans of liis paren r and lus whole training naturally íitted him fot a professional Mie, and he spent thirteen years as a teachar, ten of that time as Superintendent of the public schools of Lorain, Ohio, but the inventive instinct was so strons in him that he vas cantinually turning hifi miad to mechanica. Durinj? nbout twelve years of his teaching, in the intervals of his professional lite, he was wonfeing upon a machine to Uvke the place of the slow method of composition now ín use. During this time he showed his plians to Joslma Rose, the great Englleh mechanical ejigineer, and it was his encourngeiraem't ,-ind approvaJ which finally detennined Mr. Eogers to abandon teaching ïind give liis nitirc attention to lic öevelopment of the machine. He fou,nd e finn ín Clvevland ready to undertaie with him the development of iiis iiliiis. and In two years f rom that time the machine is as it stands, owned (i.ml oonbrol'led by The Rogers TypogTaph í'omfiany, has been produced. As Mr. Etogerg poaeesed 110 practical knowttedge of mechaaice he early lelt the necesstty of associating with him a mechanica! engineer' who could glve sJiape tu his ideas. He was fortúnate in finding euch a man in Mr. P. E. Bright, of Cleveland, who has given to the machine his earnest thonght and njechanical aidll for the perlod of two yeare past. Many details and the eral design of the wor&lng parte of the machino have been suggested by him and are covereil by patenta "wliich are aJso owmed toy the Hogers Typoarnph Coanpany. He Is dow superintendent of the conipany's factory, and is devotiag iliis energy to the rapid production of the Typograph. Mr. Bright is a nativc (j( Wusconsln, bul has spent alïmost the whoQe of hls lite in O'nio. He received Axis educatiom at Jloiim Union College, Ohio, but havlng a very deckled taste and genius for mechanica iie detennined to give hls Hfe to that work. Begtoning at the bottom and tearniag hls trade thoroughly, in a few yeare by Iiis own eiertiona a'.one lie aequired a machine nhop of lm own. where he manufacturod hte own invcntions and built and dcsiiiicd nianv mae'iini's of varlouc kinds for others, nnd acquiired an enriaAfle reputation, whirh has soné lar beyond the limite of Cleveland. lie sold hifl business to The Rogers Typograph Company, and became their Superintendent about á ago. Mr. Brlght, like Mr. Rogers, is a comparatlvely young man Ix-infi in hi.s tliirty-fourtli year. He is i man of fine personal appearance and has bosta ol Mende. 'l'iu' general management oí the Rogera Typograph Company has been ronduet-ed by Mr. I'. ('. Ruthrauff since the enterprtee was first started. Mr. líuthrnuff was ior ninny yeara a journalist, haring been connected with aewepapera in n 11 capacltlee from vpporter to owner. He -was the llrst onc to forsee tho magnitude of the invciHion and to Becure the co-operation of othor oapltatists ín its development. Dnder liis maoagment the policy of the compamy haa been vry conservatlre, and no statementa have been a liiwcd t-o so out regardlng the en;':prise th.it eouldtnot be substant iited by the facts. The public were not ü.idr acquainted with the lnventlon (t -was about reaidy for the marThe bustaess hae been conducted :m a tiiiwou.iibly bufllnfiss-lSke manner by business men, who havo ïaid broad ,l;i t ons tor its futuro.