Michigan's Pride

I ffell-to-do and cultured people naturI h seek a home in that place where [jkevmay I8 indulge their own tastes j e(juoate those of their children. IHat Ann Arbor, linked as it is to the ICniversity of Michigan, is fully able to latisíy this demand, does not require Ijenonstration. I professor Bryce detined the mission lithis great institution by terming it l.jsort of metropolitan university for Le northwestern states." But it is [ore than this: it is one of the great lithools of the nation. The fact that Ibe land grants from the United States lovernment gave the University its first lile and vigor should never be forgotten. itsstudents come from the four corLrs of the earth. Of the 2,420 enrolled Iíb 1890-91, 1,162 were from Michigan, jg from Illinois, 205 from Ohio, 113 Ibom Indiana, 84 from Pennsylvania, 84 Id New York, 75 from Iowa, 31 from Ijlissouri, 30 from California, 37 from ■Ontario, 28 from Minnesota, 27 from Ifisconsin, 26 from Kansas, 24 from (jebraska, 22 from Utah, 21 from ColorIdo, 16 from Kentucky, 15 from Japan, lt from Massachusetts, 11 from Washington, and the remainder carne from Iji states and territories and 10 foreign Itoimtries. It is easy to see from this that the Pniversity is cosinopolitan. It should be added that it is democratie also. Xo joung man need allow poverty to deirive him of an education here. The lees are low. Michigan studente, upon Inatnculation, pay 810; all others 825. In the literary department Michigan ■tudents pay 820, and foreign students ■0 annual fees. In the professional ■tpartments the fee is 85 greater for Itth class. Gbod_ board and lotigiug lünbe obtained at from 82.50 to $5 a teek, and the average annual expenses ( students, including incideatals, are ■ than 8400. Ihe University comprises six departlents: The Department of Literature, icience and the Arts, the Department i! Medicine and Surgery, the Departnent of Law, the School of Pharmacy, He Homoíopathic Medical College, and tbe College of Dental Surgery. As all these departments are located on the iampu6, students are thus enabled to i the same library. Many etudents irsue courses in two or more departDents at the same time. THE LITERARY DEPARTMENT. Entrance to this department is gained ipoa successful examination in certain tndies, or upon presentation of a rjWma f rom some one of the eighty-t vo Bp schools, in this and other states, ff" have boen approved by members W lae University faculty. Over oneP" f the studente gain entrance in RWterway. ij-Weren t courses of study aro olïered, BW'ng up to the degrees of Bachelor of ■ li.iclielor of Philosophy, Bachelor lenee (general), Bachelor of Sri PHmstry), Bachelor of Science (biWï Bachelor of Science (in civil, r?lng, mechanical and electrical enginI ■ loe greatest liberty in the selection of P" is offered in most of these P568) although the professional Fjjses, necessarily, are for the most FPtesoribed. In all the other courses, Kever, fully one-half the work is That a wide rang is offered Ersfrom the fact that there are 382 jrt courses in the department, jaich the student chooses as injtion or wisdom directs. Everything lL'naDle is taught. Comparativo emK8)', the theory of statistics, the E of organ-playing or the Icelandic Pe can be studied to the heart's I igh the ancient terms "freshI ophomore," "junior" and ff0' are still used by the great ot body, they really have no mean)r there are, strictly speaking, no ■T in the University. So-called I and seniora are frequently ■ rsuing the same studies. The "nt must complete a number of fixed courees before graduation. That is all. He can take them in order or not, just as he chooses. As a general rule, four years are required to complete any course, although the brighter students often succeed in gaining their diplomas within three years. There is a large and growing class of select students, who try for no degree and remain only a year or two, pursuing such studies as they consider most desirable. An interesting feature of modern university study is what is known as the seminary method in literary coxirses, and as the laboratory method in scientific courses. For a description of these, we cannot do better than rely upon a recent article in the Chicago Graphic, written by Professor F. N. Scott, of this University. He says: "The idea at the basis of both seminary and laboratory is the same - to bring the student to a first-hand knowledge of the subject through personal manipulation of raw material. In the seminary courses no text-book is used. The student is referred to certain "original sources" in the library, which he must read and about which he must form his own opinions. At a stated hour during the week the members of the seminary meet with the professor in charge for a prolonged consideration of the particular subject in hand. The results of the students' investigations are given in the form of reporte or elabórate theses, and the questions thus raised are freely discussed by both student and instructor. In these little assemblies - the seminary does not as a rule contain more than twelve members - debate over mooted points sometimos grows warm; authorities are defiantly challenged and individual judgments maintained with all the resources at the student's command. The result is an enthusiasm for original research, such as, perhaps, no other method of instruction can hope to foster. A member of a seminary will go out from such a discussion to spend hours of hard labor in settling for himself some obscure point which, under other conditions, he would accept on secondhand authority without a moment's question. In the seminary rooms that are connected with the general library, students may be found going toilsomely through old volumes of the Congressional Globe, or collections of treaties and despatches, or dry compilations of statistics, tracking down some unsettled question in history or political economy. The actual working of great social, political and literary factors is in this way brought home to the student with peculiar vividness and forcé. " Seminary courses are now offered in Greek grammar, Greek tragedy and Greek inscriptions, Latin philology, Roman art, Germán, French, English and American literatura, the study of Shakespeare, literary criticism, constitutional history of the United States, comparativa constitutional law, ethics, sssthetios, the history and philosophy of education, economics and rmance. Admission to the seminaries, which carries with it many coyeted privileges, is guarded by requiring of the students preparation in a series of disciplinancourses, the successful completion of which will guarantee his fitness to pursue the more advanced work. "Several seminaries have recently been established for gradúate students, and admit no others. The extensión of this principie will doubtless result, in time, in the recognition of a gradúate department designed solely for those pursuing work leading to the Master's and Doctor's degrees. Such a department really existw novv in ill except the name. Every advantage is offered to the students who desire to take up special lines of research. The treasures of the library are freely contided to his hands, and the members of the faculty devote to him a generous share of their time in personal help and counsel. To secure one of these higher degrees, a line of original research must be carried out to a definite and valuable conclusión, ïhe gradúate student, if he has really completed his period of apprenticeahip at this or some other reputable university, is not held to any regular routine. Concentrating his attention upon one principal subject, called his major, and two subsidiary subjocts, called his minors, he works in large degree independently. The results of his research he embodies in an exhaustivo monograph whicb he must publicly read and defend. A rigorous oxamination must also be passed before the student will be recommejided for the degree sou;ht. During the year 1890-91, the number of students working for higher degrees was ninety-three. From this body, representing the most advanced work done at the University by students, not a few go each year to fill positions in colleges and institutions of higher instruction throughout the country. "As suggested above, the scientific counterpart of the seminary is the laboratory. A chemical laboratory was put in operation as early as 1849. Since then six enlargements have been necessitated by the growing number of applicants for instruction n Applied Chemistry. The last addition was completed in 1890 at an expense of 821,000. The laboratory buildings noiv oontain tables for 400 students and an equipment for practical work such as can be found nowhere elee in the United States. Among the courses offered are Analytical, Applied, Organic and Physiological Chemistry, together with such special lines of work as Pharmacy, Metallurgy and Assaying. The laboratory is open to all students of the university, and is in constant use alroost every working hour of every week day throughout the college year. "Next in importance is the Engineering Laboratory. This was begun tentatively in 1881 in a small frame shop erected on one corner of the campus. The building was overcrowded from the start. Successive enlargements were called for, until now the handsome brick structure, with its machine shops, forges, foundry, pattern loft, engine-room and special mechanical laboratory, covers a Hoor space of '20,000 square feet. The high quality of the work done is attested by the fact that several of the machines now in daily use were designed and constructed by the stilden ts themselves. The laboratory, young as it is, can already point to a respectable list of graduates whom it has helped to lucrative situations. " A similar Iemand for instruction in the new-born science of electrical engineering is met by the equipment of the new Physical Laboratory. The basement floor of this commodious structure is provided with a complete electrical plant, including dynamos, lamps, resistance coils, storage batteries, and testing appliances of the most approved construction. Pive rooms are fitted with apparatus for practical work in electrical measurements. The instructors are familiar with the methods of great manufactories, such as the Brush and Thomson-Heuston works, and are thus enabled to drill their students in the minutios of modern electrical practice. The remainder of the building is mostly used for experimental work in general physics. ■ The apparatus is all of recent ture at the hands of celebrated European instrument-makers. The other laboratories - Histological, Botanioal, Geolog ical, Zoological, Physiological, Hygienic, Pathological and Bacteriológica! - deserve equally detailed description. " Of the nature of laboratory work is the exercise in practical surveying demanded of the civil engineers. During May and June of each year a class goes on ii osmping-out tour in charge of one of the professors of surveying, and performs the work of an actual surveying party. A class in railroad engineering spends the month of June in laying out a projected line, doing all the work up to the point of actual eonstruction."' At this writingmuoh muy be added to wliat, the writer quoted has said. A large three-story building is soon id for the exclusive use of the en gineerinti studente. It will contain ing, Iecture anti recitation rooms. The zoological and botanical laboratorios are each to be transferred to theentirethird and fourth floors of the south wingof University Hall. ( Uher improvements are begun or oontemplated. THE MEDICAL DEPARTMENTS. At one time the college of medicine and surgery enjoyed the distinction of being the largest in the United States. It still is firmly established in public estimation as one of the beet. The course of study covers four years, one of which may be pursued in a preceptor's office. Admission to this department is gained by the presentation of diplomas or by examination. The caudidate must, however, be at least eighteen years of age Women and men are admitted under the same conditions and pursue the same studies. They work separately only in the anatomical laboratory and in certain courses where it is not deemed advisable to have the sexes together. The hospital advantages are of the best, two large structures having just been completed, at an expense of qver $80,000, for the use of both the regular and the homcpopathic departments. To aid in their erection the city of Ann Arbor gave 106,000, The buildings stand on the brow of a high bluff overlooking the Hurón river. They are a credit to the State of Michigan in every respect. Patients in these hospitalsare treated free of charge. They are obliged to pay only for board and medicines. Operations which excite the interest of the entire medical world are frequently performed. The regular medical school. during the past year, had 375 students on its rolls; the homceopathic school had 71. The course of study in the latter institution, whioh was established in 1875, is now three years long, but wül soon be increased to tour. The homceopathic college is considered one of the best of its kind in the country. THE LAW DEPARTMENT. To ihis great school the name of Judge Thomas M. Cooley is inseparably linked. He it was wbo, with otlier L'ivHt lawyers, fint raiseil it to its present high ing. If we mistake not, no other law school in tlie country has so large an ttendaiue. The number of students on it8 rolls duriiiü the past year was 581, of whom only 166, or less than three-tenths, were residente of Michigan. Ro crowded is the present building that the regents have decided to erect B 930,000 adilition within a short time. It will be arohitecturally beautifnl and at the same time well adapted to the ncedsofthe department. The course of study leadiag up to the bachelor's degree calis for two years', work bat many students remain a year afier gradnation and earn a maeter'e degree. The regular nstruction ot' the school is suppleiuented by ninch voluntary work, on the part of stndents, in debating societies and moot courts. The law library contains 10,208 volume.". It ís large and complete. Not only American reporta, but also many others from foreign countries are kept on its 8he!ves. THE OTHER DXPA&TMBHTB. The school of pharmacy is designed to train druggists and chemists. lts eourse of study covers three years of hard work. Ninety-one students were enroiled in the departmenl last year. The college of dental surgery bat taken ils place as onp of tha best schools in the world. In 1890-'91 it had 132 studente, !' whom three came from England, one i'iom Ireland miil one Prom Porto Rico. The department is now houe'l in the oíd allopAthic hospital hui Mi üu'. wbich has been iitted up, in lir-1 tape, during the past 8ummr. THE LIBBAHT. Aroond the ! iirurv centers much of the rea) liff of the UniTersity. Hnnd reda of aludents make nse of its treasures. According o the last. report the general library, exclusive of professional orks, onntaiiifd 59,735 volume?. 14,708 unbound pampiilets and 571 map3 and charts. The Parsons library, tlie McMillan Shakespere library, the Hagerman oollection of hitory and political science, the German-American Goethe library, anti the Dorsch library, all Dregented to tlie University, make up an important part of it. Booka may be drawn free of charge, by any one, bot cannot be taken from "the room. The privileges of the library are made use of by many residents of the city who are not connected with the University. MICHIGAN PRIDE. (OONTINUED FBOM SEVENTH TAPE.) MUSEUM AND ABT GALLEKY. If a visitor has time to take only a glance at the University, he will, most likely, direct his steps to the museum and art callery. In the former may be seen magniticent zoological and geological colleotiona- equal to the best in the land And on the third floor is housed the famous Chinese exhibit, which was brought over to the New Orleans exposition and afterwards presen tedto the University. It is valued at S2oO,000. Nowhere else in the country can a better idea of Chinese achievements be obtained. . ,, . , The art gallery occupies the third floor of the library building. It embraces some of the best works of Randolph Rogers and many other fine pieces of sculpture. The collections of paintings, bas reliëfs, old coins, etc, are very ïnteresting. The famous Henry C. Lewis collection, 650 paintings, now at Coldwater, will be transferred to the University as soon as suitable quarters can be provided. CONCERTO AND LECTURES. University Hall ie the scène of many first-class entertainments. Two associations are maintained by the students, whose object is to provide only the best. The lecture association secures engagements from some of the foremost speakers in the world. Max O'Rell, Henry M. Stanley and Henry George were recent attractions. The Choral Union, comprising between 200 and 300 singers, stimulates the musical tastes of etudents. Under its auspices, concerts, not inferior to the best which are heard in the large cities, are frequently given in University Hall. The " Redemption," the " Cristopheros " and the inimitable concert by the Boston Symphony orchestra were the principal attractions last year. Every one of the 2,500 seats in the hall is filled whenever a Choral Union concert is given. Besides concerts and lectures, many other entertainments are given, suoh as plays by the University Dramatic Society, joint debates and the like. ATHLETICS. For years Michigan University has been longing for a gymnasium. lts hopes are now to be realized. During the past spring Joshua W. Waterman, of Detroit, offered to dónate $20,000 for a gymnasium, provided an equal amount could be raised by subscription. This was soon done. Architects have been at work upon plans for some time. W hen these have been adopted, the contract wil] be let for the building. The regents last spring set apart $5,500 for the equipment of athletic grounds about half a mile south of the campus. The grounds include ten acres of land, perfectly level and thoroughly drained. On the north side is a straight track 220 feet long. To the south is an oval track which includes a base ball diamond. A grand stand, capable of seating 1,500 people, overlooks the field. Foot ball and tennis grounds are laid out f urther to the south. SOCIAL LIFE. The students of Michigan University are not, as a general rule, recluses. They exohange calis and give parties in much the same way as other persons. There are church socials for the more sédate and germans for the more giddy. The freshman banquet, the sophomore hop, the junior hop and the senior reception are all important features in a student's Ufe. The senior reception always takes place during commencement week. It is held in a large tented pavilion and is attended by hundredsof young men and women from Detroit, Chicago and many other places. The college fraternity system is largely developed in Ann Arbor. Alpha Delta Phi, Psi Upsilon, Delta Kappa Epsilon, Delta Upsilon, Beta Theta Pi, Sigma Phi, Zeta Psi, Phi Kappa Psi, Delta Tau Epsilon, Chi Psi, and many other societies maintain chapters here. Most of them own houses, which are, in some cases, magniflcent. Kven the ladies have their secret societies. A Woman's League, composed of nearly all the female students, wasjorganized during the past year. F I KELIGIOUS LIFE. Although non-sectarian, the University is by no means irreligious. Almost every member of the faculty is a professing Christian and many are active in the work of the several churches. A spirit of broad and liberal, yet deep, Christianity pervades the whole institution. Michigan University organized the first college Christian association in this country. From its establishment in 1858 to the present time, it has continued to be a leading factor in college life. lts membership during the past year was 422. During commencement week, last June, the new home of the association, Newberry Hall, was dedicated. The funds with which the building was erected were raised by private Bubscription, Mrs. J. S. Newberry, of Detroit, alone contributing $17,400. The total cost of the building was $36,775.00. Architecturally it has no equal in the city. It is provided with a large audience room, parlors, a library and several rooms suitable for prayer-meetings. Connected with several of the churches are organizations whose object is to look after the religious welfare and social improvement of students. All of them support lecture courses during the winter. In this manner some of the ablest preachers in the country are brought to Ann Arbor. The pioneer among these organizations was the Hobart Guild, connected with the Episcopal church. It occupies a fine building, which contains a good library, reading room, parlors and gymnasium. A curator, always a priest or deacon, is in charge of the hall, maintaining a general supervisión over the work of the Guild. In the early sumtner a fine building, called McMillan Hall in honor of the distinguished Michigan senator through whose generosity the building was obtained, was dedicated by members of the Presbyterian general assembly. It is to be the home of the Tappan association, an organización similar in its aims to the Hobart Guild. The Wesleyan Guild in the Methodist church, the Poley Guild in the Roman Catholic church and the Channing Guild in the Unitarian church, have not as yet secured buildings. They are, however, all doing good work among the students. THE COLLEGE PRESS. No student can be excused f or not kno wing what is going on around the University, for the college presa is very active. The U. of M. Daily is published six days a week. It is a four column folio, fllled with the latest news and with pithy editorials. As a weekly paper, the Chronicle-ATgonaut is not surpassed. It is not only newsy, but at the same time has a literary valué. The Inlander, published by the Inland Press, appears monthly. It contains prize essays and articles written by the students. Three annuals are published: The Palladium, the organ of the secret societies; the Castalian, the organ of the independents, or non-fraternity men; and the Oracle, the organ of the Sophomore class. The University Record, which appears monthly, is edited by the faculty. The Technic appears annually under the auspicea of the engineering society. The Monthly Bulletin representa the Student'a Christian Aasociation. All these publicationa are well-edited and both earn and receive good patronage from collegiana. COLLEGE DISCIPLINE. The TJniversity of Michigan treats its students aa men and women, not as ohildren. There are no dormitorios, no prizes, no "demerita" and no compulsory attendance at chapel. The authoritiea do not undertake to regúlate a student's habits or associations. If he violates a law, he is amenable to the muneipal authoritiea and to one else. If, however, he neglects hia studies and, in general, seema to be devoting hia time unprofitably, he ia reminded that the University is no place for him and asked to depart to places more congenial. This drastic treatment, it may be said, is seldom neceasary. KOOMS AND BOARD. A visitor to Ann Arbor is often struck by the fact that almost every house in the city containa a student. This does not seein strange if we reflect that 2,500 transiente are taken care of in a oity whose population ia but 10,000. Hundreds of persons earn a respectable livelihood by renting rooms to students. Others devote their attention to supplying hungry scholastics with food. In one house there are not less than 200 regular boarders. And, strange to say, neither the rooming or boarding business is overdone. The annually increasing numbers of students severely tax the accommodations afforded. Houses are in great demand, and even the yearly addition of 100 to 150 new buildings does not seem to Bufflce.